c# - 常用操作的图标与文本

Question

我们目前正在努力提高我们的 Intranet 网络应用程序的可用性。我们的目标之一是整理某些带有大网格的页面。为此，我们已开始将常用操作(如删除、重置为零、标记为完成等)作为函数放入网格中。

我最初的想法是找到并使用图标(即删除 = 一个大红色 x、重置 = 一个围绕自身弯曲的箭头、标记为完成一个复选标记等)来表示这些任务。我的一些同事同意我的看法；他们说图标让工具看起来更专业。然而，其他人说图标掩盖了它们的预期功能，Delete 等简单文本会更合适。

假设无论我们选择哪种类型(图标或文本)，我们都将包含功能的工具提示描述，哪种类型更有用？我们能否为某些操作使用图标，为其他操作使用文本，或者这会影响可用性吗？

Answer 1

对某些功能使用图标而对其他功能使用文本可能不太一致(除非您遵循既定的习惯用法，例如工具栏和菜单，它们都是命令的位置，即使一个用于图标，另一个用于标签 –但这并不意味着它是一个好的成语)。

引用 Jef Raskin 的The Humane Interface:

In every study that considered the question, icons were demonstrated to be more difficult to understand than were labels, especially at first viewing, which contradicts one of the most frequently cited reasons for using icons, namely, comprehensibility for beginners. GUIs often present us with windows full of identical icons, each with a label. The icons are small and numerous, and there are dozens of different icons. The limited conditions under which icons are effective do not obtain in present computer systems.

Although it is true that tiny icons can take less screen space than labels, you have to ask: At what cost? The smaller a button, the longer it takes to operate it, and the more difficult it is to find; also, it is difficult to make a small icon distinctive. Another small point: Icons take more time to create than do words.

和

Mayhew [1] cites a number of research studies on the use of icons. Unfortunately, most of the studies did not compare labels to icons. But from these and other studies, we can conclude that icons are most effective when there are at most a dozen of them and when at most a dozen are seen at one time. In addition, it is essential that they

• Are visually distinct
• Do a good job of representing the appropriate concept
• Are presented at a reasonably large size, typically larger than a text label would be

[1] Mayhew, Deborah. Principles and Guidelines in Software User Interface Design (Englewood Cliffs, NJ.: Prentice-Hall, 1992).

在这一点上，我同意 Raskin 的观点，即在许多情况下，图标确实模糊了概念和命令的含义，无论如何您都需要额外的文字来解释它们。 Aza Raskin 的文章 The End of an Icon也是一本很好的读物。