regex - 多行正则表达式应在文件中匹配多次(如果可能，单行命令)

Question

我正在尝试将一些(多行)git 历史信息(提取文件名更改)转换为 CSV 文件。这是我的 regex and sample file .它在该站点上运行良好。

正则表达式:

commit (.+)\n(?:.*\n)+?similarity index (\d+)+%\n(rename|copy) from (.+)\n\3 to (.+)\n

示例输入:

commit 2701af4b3b66340644b01835a03bcc760e1606f8
Author: ostrovsky.alex <ostrovsky.alex@a51b5712-02d0-11de-9992-cbdf800730d7>
Date:   Sat Oct 16 20:44:32 2010 +0000

    * Moved old sources to Maven src/main/java

diff --git a/alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java b/alexo-chess/src/main/java/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
similarity index 100%
rename from alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
rename to alexo-chess/src/main/java/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java

commit ea53898dcc969286078700f42ca5be36789e7ea7
Author: ostrovsky.alex <ostrovsky.alex@a51b5712-02d0-11de-9992-cbdf800730d7>
Date:   Sat Oct 17 03:30:43 2009 +0000

    synch

diff --git a/src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java b/alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
similarity index 100%
copy from src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
copy to alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java

commit b869f395429a2c1345ce100953bfc6038d9835f5
Author: ostrovsky.alex <ostrovsky.alex@a51b5712-02d0-11de-9992-cbdf800730d7>
Date:   Wed Oct 7 22:43:06 2009 +0000

    MctsPlayer works

diff --git a/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java b/src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
similarity index 100%
copy from ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
copy to src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java

commit 4c697c510f5154d20be7500be1cbdecbaf99495c
Author: ostrovsky.alex <ostrovsky.alex@a51b5712-02d0-11de-9992-cbdf800730d7>
Date:   Wed Sep 23 15:06:17 2009 +0000

    * synch

diff --git a/v2/move/Pawns.java b/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
similarity index 95%
rename from v2/move/Pawns.java
rename to ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
index e0172a3..e3659c5 100644
--- a/v2/move/Pawns.java
+++ b/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java

但是，当我尝试运行以下 perl 命令时(在 Windows 10 上的 git bash 中)，我只得到一个匹配行(与示例中的 4 行相反，您可以看到在我上面链接的网站上)。

我知道这可能有些愚蠢，就像它需要循环一样。但我对 slurping -0777 和多次应用模式感到困惑。我尝试了 -p 选项，但它打印出整个输入，我只想查看 print 的输出(即 CSV 行)。我还认为 /g 会使模式多次应用于输入文件，但由于 -0777 使它全部成为一行，我不再确定了。

<Pawns.java.history.txt perl -0777 -ne 'if (/commit (.+)\n(?:.*\n)+?similarity index (\d+)+%\n(rename|copy) from (.+)\n\3 to (.+)\n/g) { print $1.",".$2.",".$3.",".$4.",".$5."\n" }'

输出只有一行，而 sample file 总共应该是 4 行:

2701af4b3b66340644b01835a03bcc760e1606f8,100,rename,alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,alexo-chess/src/main/java/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java

预期输出:

2701af4b3b66340644b01835a03bcc760e1606f8,100,rename,alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,alexo-chess/src/main/java/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
ea53898dcc969286078700f42ca5be36789e7ea7,100,copy,src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
b869f395429a2c1345ce100953bfc6038d9835f5,100,copy,ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
4c697c510f5154d20be7500be1cbdecbaf99495c,95,rename,v2/move/Pawns.java,ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java

Answer 1

你只需要用while转换你的if:

perl -0777 -ne 'while (/commit (.+)\n(?:.*\n)+?similarity index (\d+)+%\n(rename|copy) from (.+)\n\3 to (.+)\n/g) { print $1.",".$2.",".$3.",".$4.",".$5."\n" }' file

2701af4b3b66340644b01835a03bcc760e1606f8,100,rename,alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,alexo-chess/src/main/java/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
ea53898dcc969286078700f42ca5be36789e7ea7,100,copy,src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,alexo-chess/src/ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
b869f395429a2c1345ce100953bfc6038d9835f5,100,copy,ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java,src/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java
4c697c510f5154d20be7500be1cbdecbaf99495c,95,rename,v2/move/Pawns.java,ao/chess/v2/move/Pawns.java