git add -A :/on Git 2. X 和 pathspec 的关系

Question

我已阅读 several places git add -A has changed 的行为随着时间的推移。

从 2.x 开始(例如 Git 2.5.0)，git add -A :/ 到底做了什么？我在 the documentation 中找不到选项 : 或 :/ .它是 pathspec 吗？为何如此？文档提供的示例仅显示 glob 模式(例如 *.c)或简单的路径规范(例如 dir 以在 dir 下添加任何内容)。

Answer 1

从 git 2.0 开始，git add -A 和 git add -A :/ 是一样的。
但是神奇的路径规范 :/ 并不是新的，可以追溯到 git 1.7.6(2011 年 4 月)。参见 commit 8a42c98 .它记录在 Documentation/glossary-content.txt 中

A pathspec that begins with a colon : has special meaning.
In the short form, the leading colon : is followed by zero or more "magic signature" letters (which optionally is terminated by another colon :), and the remainder is the pattern to match against the path.

:top: or :/

The magic word top (magic signature: /) makes the pattern match from the root of the working tree, even when you are running the command from inside a sub-directory.

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请注意，如果您想添加名为“:/”的文件夹(git add -A :/)，这仅在 git 2.7(11 月2015)
参见 commit 29abb33 (2015 年 10 月 25 日)Junio C Hamano (gitster) .

Since Git 2.0, "add -u" and "add -A" run from a subdirectory without any pathspec mean "everything in the working tree" (before 2.0, they were limited to the current directory).
The limiting to the current directory was implemented by inserting "." to the command line when the end user did not give us any pathspec.
At 2.0, we updated the code to insert ":/" (instead of '.') to consider everything from the top-level, by using a pathspec magic "top".

(这不再需要，并在所述提交 29abb33 中修复:git add -A 的实现不再使用 :/ 用于即将到来的 git 2.7)

Incidentally such a simplification also fixes a corner case bug that stems from the fact that ":/" does not necessarily mean any magic.
A user would say "git --literal-pathspecs add -u :/" from the command line when she has a directory ':' and wants to add everything in it (and she knows that her :/ will be taken as 'everything under the sun' magic pathspec unless she disables the magic with --literal-pathspecs).

The internal use of ':/' would behave the same way as such an explicitly given ":/" when run with "--literal-pathspecs", and will not add everything under the sun as the code originally intended.

由于内部不再使用 :/ ， git --literal-pathspecs add -u :/ 将实际工作，并在文件夹下添加文件命名为“列”(':')。