这是一个小型 C 程序,当文件设置了 setuid 标志时,它会打印(好吧,应该打印)进程的真实有效 ID。在这个程序中,当我第二次调用getpwuid
时(L.No 38),它往往会覆盖在L.No 24中获得的变量realUserName
的值.我无法解释这种行为。这是预期的行为吗?为什么?我正在 Linux 机器 (RHEL 2.6.18-371.1.2.el5) 中尝试此操作。
1 /* Filename: test.c
2 * Notes:
3 * 1] ./test owned by user cadmn (userID: 3585)
4 * 2] ./test run by user pmn (4471)
5 * 3] ./test has the setuid bit switched-on.
6 */
7 #include <stdio.h>
8 #include <pwd.h>
9 #include <sys/types.h>
10 #include <unistd.h>
11 int main()
12 {
13
14 uid_t realId, effectiveId;
15 struct passwd *realUser, *effUser;
16
17 realId = getuid(); // realId = 4471
18 effectiveId = geteuid(); //effectiveId = 3585
19
20 printf("Real ID is %i and Effective ID is %i\n", (int)realId, (int)effectiveId);
21 //prints 4472 and 3585, respectively
22
23 realUser = getpwuid(realId);
24 char *realUserName = realUser->pw_name; //realUserName = pmn
25
26 printf("Real ID (name) at this point is %s\n", realUserName);
27 // prints pmn.
28
29 /*
30 *********************************************************
31 * *
32 * everything works as expected up to this point *
33 * *
34 *********************************************************
35 */
36
37 // The value obtained from this call is not used anywhere in this program
38 effUser = getpwuid(effectiveId);
39 printf("\nCalled getpwuid with the effectiveId\n\n");
40
41 printf("Real ID is %i and Effective ID is %i\n", (int)realId, (int)effectiveId);
42 //prints 4472 and 3585, respectively
43
44 printf("Real ID (name) at this point is %s.\n", realUserName);
45 // Expect to still see 'pmn' printed; though see 'cadmn' as the output!
46 // Why does this happen?
47
48 return 0;
49 }
50
输出:
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp > id pmn
uid=4471(pmn) gid=1000(nusers) groups=1000(nusers)
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp >
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp > id cadmn
uid=3585(cadmn) gid=401(cusers) groups=401(cusers)
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp >
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp > ls -l ./test
-r-sr-xr-x 1 cadmn cusers 9377 Dec 24 19:48 ./test
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp >
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp > ./test
Real ID is 4471 and Effective ID is 3585
Real ID (name) at this point is pmn
Called getpwuid with the effectiveId
Real ID is 4471 and Effective ID is 3585
Real ID (name) at this point is cadmn.
pmn@rhel /tmp/temp >
最佳答案
您观察到的行为是预期的行为。
getpwuid() 的返回值引用的结构是在后者内部静态定义的,因此每次调用 getpwuid 时都会填充(并覆盖)该结构()
.
这一行
char * realUserName = realUser->pw_name;
仅存储对此静态内部结构所保存的值的引用。如果下次调用 getpwuid()
覆盖静态内部结构,则该值也会被覆盖。
要解决这个问题,有两种可能性:
使用
getpwuid()
的可重入版本,即getpwuid_r()
。为了能够使用它,添加#define _POSIX_SOURCE
在程序源代码中第一个st
#include
语句之前。创建所需成员的副本,在本例中为
pw_name
。例如,可以通过执行以下操作来实现:char * realUserName = strdup(realUser->pw_name);
请注意,
realUserName
现在指向动态分配的内存,如果不再需要,需要由程序本身free()
释放。为此,请调用free(realUserName);
关于c - 第二个 getpwuid 调用似乎覆盖了旧值,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20757940/