python - 安装 pip 而无需 root 失败

Question

我正在尝试在我不是 root 的远程 Linux 服务器上安装 pip3。我有 Python 2.7.15rc1 和 Python 3.6.7，当我输入:

ls -la ~/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/

它按预期返回包，

drwx------ 2 user user   64 May 12 16:59 .
drwx------ 2 user user   64 May  7 15:58 ..
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 May 12 16:59 numpy
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 May 12 16:59 numpy-1.16.3.dist-info
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user   64 May 12 16:56 pip
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 May 12 16:56 pip-19.1.1.dist-info

ls -la ~/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/

I get:ls: cannot access '/home/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/': No such file or directory

我尝试重新安装 pip3 :

~$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
....(connecting to ..., saving to .... , saved)
~$ python3 get-pip.py --user
Collecting pip
...
Successfully installed pip-19.1.1
~$ echo "PATH=\$PATH:~/.local/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
~$ source ~/.bashrc
~$ pip3 install numpy --user
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name 'main'

ps: .... 意味着一些额外的书面内容

我该如何处理这个问题，我尝试安装一个虚拟环境，这就是我得到的。

~$ pip install virtualenv --user
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 7, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name main

Answer 1

echo "export PATH=~/.local/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc

您希望 bash 使用来自 ~/.local/bin 的 pip，而不是来自 /usr/local/bin 的 pip。因此，请将 .local 放置在路径中的所有其他条目之前。