arrays - 在对象数组中找到最近的项目？

Question

当我引用数组中的某个项目时，我想找到另一个最接近它且符合特定条件的项目。

例如，我有这个数组:

struct Person {
    var name = ""
    var age = ""
    var gender = ""
    var address = ""
}

let array = [Person(name:"ahmad",age:"22",gender:"male",address:"USA"),
             Person(name:"ahmad",age:"23",gender:"male",address:"KSA")]

现在假设我有一个对象:

let object = Person(name:"ahmad",age:"25",gender:"male",address:"USA")

基于此，我需要根据其所有属性的值在 array 上找到最接近它的人。

例如，根据我上面的代码，array 中最接近 object 的对象是第一个，因为它们具有相同的 name、gender 和 address(3 个匹配的属性)，而不是第二个，因为只有 2 个匹配的属性。

Answer 1

首先你必须定义一个函数来衡量“接近度” 两个人。根据您的示例，可能是

struct Person {
    let name: String
    let age: String
    let gender: String
    let address: String

    // Compute a number measuring the “closeness” to another person,
    // with smaller numbers meaning “closer”.
    // For example: the number of non-matching properties.
    func distance(to other: Person) -> Int {
        return (name == other.name ? 0 : 1)
            + (age == other.age ? 0 : 1)
            + (gender == other.gender ? 0 : 1)
            + (address == other.address ? 0 : 1)
    }
}

然后可以使用 min(by:) 确定最接近的人:

let object = Person(name:"ahmad", age:"25", gender:"male", address:"USA")
let closest = array.min(by: { $0.distance(to: object) < $1.distance(to: object) })!

print(closest) // Person(name: "ahmad", age: "22", gender: "male", address: "USA")

上面的distance方法只是一个例子，你要自行调整 满足您的确切需求。