javascript - jsctypes - 将 SHChangeNotifyRegister 用于 MEDIA/DRIVE 事件的问题

标签 javascript winapi xul messages jsctypes

我正在尝试在 Firefox 中使用 js-ctypes 来接收 USB 媒体/驱动器通知,但我遇到了一些问题,我无法判断是因为我对 Win32 API 非常缺乏经验还是在js-ctypes(或两者!)

我首先改编了我在 Alexandre Poirot 的博客上找到的一个例子:

该示例使用 js-ctypes 创建一个“仅消息”窗口,然后与 shell 服务交互以与 Windows 通知托盘进行通信。

这看起来很简单,所以在对 RegisterDeviceNotification 的优点进行一些研究之后对比SHChangeNotifyRegister ,我正在尝试调整该(有效!)示例以通过 SHChangeNotifyRegister 注册设备更新。

代码驻留在自举(无需重新启动)的 Firefox 扩展中(代码如下)。

WindowProc 的实现运行良好,与原始示例一样。我的 JavaScript 回调记录了进来的窗口消息(对于这个例子来说只是数字)。

问题:

首先,在扩展的 shutdown() 上调用 DestroyWindow 似乎会使 Firefox(几乎总是)崩溃。我应该在“仅消息”窗口上处理一些 Windows 消息以优雅地处理 DestryWindow 吗?

其次,尽管从控制台输出(下方)看来我从调用 SHGetSpecialFolderLocationSHChangeNotifyRegister 中获得了有意义的值(返回值不是错误,PIDLISTITEM 指针是一些真实地址)我没有在 JavaScript 回调中收到设备/驱动器消息。

此外,我尝试重现 PIDLISTITEM 结构但无济于事(无法让 js-ctypes 在调用 SHChangeNotifyRegister 时识别它们>) 并且在研究了其他一些非 C++ 示例之后,似乎大多数人只是在使用 long* 来代替——我希望这是我误解的根源!

我已经通过类似的 C++ sample project from Microsoft 进行了验证当 SHChangeNotifyRegistration 成功并且我生成 USB 媒体事件(ny 插入和移除 USB 闪存媒体)时收到消息本身。

重现问题的最少代码如下:


安装.rdf:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<RDF xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
     xmlns:em="http://www.mozilla.org/2004/em-rdf#">
  <Description about="urn:mozilla:install-manifest">
  <em:id>testwndproc@foo.com</em:id>
  <em:type>2</em:type>
  <em:name>TEST WNDPROC</em:name>
  <em:version>1.0</em:version>
  <em:bootstrap>true</em:bootstrap>
  <em:unpack>true</em:unpack>
  <em:description>Testing wndProc via JS-CTYPES on WIN32.</em:description>
  <em:creator>David</em:creator>

  <!-- Firefox Desktop -->
  <em:targetApplication>
    <Description>
    <em:id>{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}</em:id>
    <em:minVersion>4.0.*</em:minVersion>
    <em:maxVersion>29.0.*</em:maxVersion>
    </Description>
  </em:targetApplication>
  </Description>
</RDF>

bootstrap.js:

const Cc = Components.classes;
const Ci = Components.interfaces;
const Cu = Components.utils;

Components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/ctypes.jsm");
let consoleService = Cc["@mozilla.org/consoleservice;1"]
                       .getService(Ci.nsIConsoleService);  
function LOG(msg) { 
    consoleService.logStringMessage("TEST-WNDPROC: "+msg); 
} 

var WindowProcType, DefWindowProc, RegisterClass, CreateWindowEx, 
    DestroyWindow, SHGetSpecialFolderLocation, WNDCLASS, wndclass, 
    messageWin, libs = {};

var windowProcJSCallback = function(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam) {
  LOG("windowProc: "+JSON.stringify([uMsg, wParam, lParam]));
  //
  // TODO: decode uMsg, wParam, lParam to interpret 
  //       the incoming ShChangeNotifyEntry messages!
  //
  return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
};

function startup(data, reason) {
  try {
    LOG("loading USER32.DLL ...");
    libs.user32 = ctypes.open("user32.dll");

    LOG("loading SHELL32.DLL ...");
    libs.shell32 = ctypes.open("shell32.dll");

    LOG("registering callback ctype WindowProc ...");
    WindowProc = ctypes.FunctionType(
        ctypes.stdcall_abi, ctypes.int, 
        [ctypes.voidptr_t, ctypes.int32_t, 
         ctypes.int32_t, ctypes.int32_t]).ptr;

    LOG("registering API CreateWindowEx ...");
    CreateWindowEx = libs.user32.declare("CreateWindowExA", 
        ctypes.winapi_abi, ctypes.voidptr_t, ctypes.long, 
        ctypes.char.ptr, ctypes.char.ptr, ctypes.int,
        ctypes.int, ctypes.int, ctypes.int, ctypes.int, 
        ctypes.voidptr_t, ctypes.voidptr_t, ctypes.voidptr_t, 
        ctypes.voidptr_t);

    LOG("registering API DestroyWindow ...");
    DestroyWindow = libs.user32.declare("DestroyWindow", 
        ctypes.winapi_abi, ctypes.bool, ctypes.voidptr_t);

    /*

    // previously using....

    LOG("registering ctype SHITEMID ...");
    var ShItemId = ctypes.StructType("ShItemId", [
      { cb: ctypes.unsigned_short },
      { abID: ctypes.uint8_t.array(1) }
    ]);

    LOG("registering ctype ITEMIDLIST ...");
    var ItemIDList = ctypes.StructType("ItemIDList", [
      { mkid: ShItemId }
    ]);

    */

    LOG("registering ctype SHChangeNotifyEntry ...");
    var SHChangeNotifyEntry = ctypes.StructType(
        "SHChangeNotifyEntry", [
            { pidl: ctypes.long.ptr   }, /* ItemIDList.ptr ??? */
            { fRecursive: ctypes.bool }
        ]);

    LOG("registering API SHChangeNotifyRegister ...");
    SHChangeNotifyRegister = libs.shell32.declare(
      "SHChangeNotifyRegister", ctypes.winapi_abi, 
      ctypes.unsigned_long, 
      ctypes.voidptr_t, ctypes.int, ctypes.long, 
      ctypes.unsigned_int,  ctypes.int, 
      SHChangeNotifyEntry.array() /* SHChangeNotifyEntry.ptr ??? */
    );

    LOG("registering ctype WNDCLASS ...");
    WNDCLASS = ctypes.StructType("WNDCLASS", [
      { style          : ctypes.uint32_t  },
      { lpfnWndProc    : WindowProc       }, 
      { cbClsExtra     : ctypes.int32_t   },
      { cbWndExtra     : ctypes.int32_t   },
      { hInstance      : ctypes.voidptr_t },
      { hIcon          : ctypes.voidptr_t },
      { hCursor        : ctypes.voidptr_t },
      { hbrBackground  : ctypes.voidptr_t },
      { lpszMenuName   : ctypes.char.ptr  },
      { lpszClassName  : ctypes.char.ptr  }
    ]);

    LOG("registering API SHGetSpecialFolderLocation ...");
    SHGetSpecialFolderLocation = libs.shell32.declare(
      "SHGetSpecialFolderLocation", ctypes.winapi_abi, 
      ctypes.long, ctypes.voidptr_t, ctypes.int, 
      ctypes.long.ptr        /* ItemIDList.ptr ??? */
    );

    LOG("registering API RegisterClass ...");
    RegisterClass = libs.user32.declare("RegisterClassA", 
        ctypes.winapi_abi, ctypes.voidptr_t, WNDCLASS.ptr);

    LOG("registering API DefWindowProc ...");
    DefWindowProc = libs.user32.declare("DefWindowProcA", 
        ctypes.winapi_abi, ctypes.int, ctypes.voidptr_t, 
        ctypes.int32_t, ctypes.int32_t, ctypes.int32_t);

    LOG("instatiating WNDCLASS (using windowProcJSCallback) ...");
    var cName = "class-testingmessageonlywindow";
    wndclass = WNDCLASS();
    wndclass.lpszClassName = ctypes.char.array()(cName);
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc(windowProcJSCallback);

    LOG("calling API: RegisterClass ...");
    RegisterClass(wndclass.address());

    LOG("calling API: CreateWindowEx ...");
    var HWND_MESSAGE = -3; // message-only window
    messageWin = CreateWindowEx(
      0, wndclass.lpszClassName,
      ctypes.char.array()("my-testing-window"),
      0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
      ctypes.voidptr_t(HWND_MESSAGE), 
      null, null, null
    );

    LOG("instantiating pidl ...");
    var pidl = ctypes.long();
    LOG("Prior to call, pidl = "+pidl);

    LOG("calling API: SHGetSpecialFolderLocation ...");
    var CSIDL_DESKTOP = 0;
    var hr = SHGetSpecialFolderLocation(
        messageWin, 
        CSIDL_DESKTOP, 
        pidl.address()
    );
    LOG("got back: "+hr);
    LOG("After the call, pidl = "+pidl);

    LOG("instantiating pschcne ...");
    var SHCNE = SHChangeNotifyEntry.array(1);
    var shcne = SHCNE();
    shcne[0].pidl = pidl.address();
    shcne[0].fRecursive = false;

    var WM_SHNOTIFY           = 1025;    // 0x401
    var SHCNE_DISKEVENTS      = 145439;  // 0x2381F
    var SHCNE_DRIVEADD        = 256;     // 256
    var SHCNE_DRIVEREMOVED    = 128;     // 128
    var SHCNE_MEDIAINSERTED   = 32;      // 32
    var SHCNE_MEDIAREMOVED    = 64;      // 64
    var SHCNRF_ShellLevel     = 2;       // 0x0002
    var SHCNRF_InterruptLevel = 1;       // 0x0001
    var SHCNRF_NewDelivery    = 32768;   // 0x8000

    var nSources = SHCNRF_ShellLevel | 
                   SHCNRF_InterruptLevel | 
                   SHCNRF_NewDelivery; 
    var lEvents  = SHCNE_DISKEVENTS | SHCNE_DRIVEADD | 
                   SHCNE_DRIVEREMOVED | SHCNE_MEDIAINSERTED | 
                   SHCNE_MEDIAREMOVED;
    var uMsg     = WM_SHNOTIFY;

    LOG("DEBUG: nSources="+nSources);
    LOG("DEBUG: lEvents="+lEvents);
    LOG("DEBUG: uMsg="+uMsg);

    LOG("calling API: SHChangeNotifyRegister ...");
    var reg_id = SHChangeNotifyRegister(
        messageWin, nSources, lEvents, uMsg, 1, shcne
    );
    if (reg_id > 0) {
      LOG("SUCCESS: Registered with ShellService for "+
          "DRIVE/MEDIA notifications! reg-id: "+reg_id);
    } else {
      LOG("ERROR: Couldn't register for DRIVE/MEDIA "+
          "notifications from ShellService!");
    }       

    LOG("done!");
  } catch (e) {
    LOG("ERROR: "+e);
  }
}

function shutdown(data, reason) {
  if (reason == APP_SHUTDOWN) return;
  try {

    //LOG("destroying hidden window... ");
    //DestroyWindow(messageWin);  // crash!!!

    LOG("unloading USER32.DLL ...");
    libs.user32.close();

    LOG("unloading SHELL32.DLL ...");
    libs.shell32.close();

    LOG("done!");
  } catch (e) {
    LOG("ERROR: "+e);
  }
}

控制台输出:

17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: loading USER32.DLL ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: loading SHELL32.DLL ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering callback ctype WindowProc ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering API CreateWindowEx ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering API DestroyWindow ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering ctype SHChangeNotifyEntry ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering API SHChangeNotifyRegister ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering ctype WNDCLASS ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering API SHGetSpecialFolderLocation ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering API RegisterClass ...
17:08:25.518 TEST-WNDPROC: registering API DefWindowProc ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: instatiating WNDCLASS (using windowProcJSCallback) ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: calling API: RegisterClass ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: calling API: CreateWindowEx ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: windowProc: [36,0,2973696]
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: windowProc: [129,0,2973652]
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: windowProc: [131,0,2973728]
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: windowProc: [1,0,2973608]
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: instantiating pidl ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: Prior to call, pidl = ctypes.long(ctypes.Int64("0"))
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: calling API: SHGetSpecialFolderLocation ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: got back: 0
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: After the call, pidl = ctypes.long(ctypes.Int64("224974424"))
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: instantiating pschcne ...
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: DEBUG: [nSources=32771][lEvents=145919][uMsg=1025]
17:08:25.519 TEST-WNDPROC: calling API: SHChangeNotifyRegister ...
17:08:25.520 TEST-WNDPROC: SUCCESS: Registered with ShellService for DRIVE/MEDIA
                           notifications! reg-id: 15
17:08:25.520 TEST-WNDPROC: done!
----- &< -------
17:09:31.391 TEST-WNDPROC: unloading USER32.DLL ...
17:09:31.391 TEST-WNDPROC: unloading SHELL32.DLL ...
17:09:31.391 TEST-WNDPROC: done!

最佳答案

对于其他想要这样做的人,我发布了一个令人讨厌的hack 解决方法。 (我不会接受这个答案,希望最终有人会发布正确的做法)。


经过大量阅读后,我唯一推荐的另一种枚举和/或确定 USB 卷状态的方法是使用 WMI。以下 WQL 查询起到了作用:

select Caption, Size from win32_LogicalDisk where DriveType = 2

要从 C++ 使用 WQL,您必须使用 COM。从 js-ctypes 使用它并不是微不足道的工程任务。您需要安排从 ChromeWorker 加载和使用 DLL,有时我发现我特别需要确保从正确的 Firefox 线程调用 JavaScript 回调函数,并且 COM 是未在多线程单元中初始化。

Caption 是盘符。似乎一旦弹出 USB 驱动器,Size 报告为零。

然后相当简单地在 ChromeWorker 线程内的轮询循环中调用它,模拟对已安装卷的更改,并在我的 DOM 窗口中引发合成的 USB-Mounted/Ejected/Removed 事件.


不幸的是,这有一个巨大问题。如果您插入 USB 闪存驱动器,Windows 通常需要 2 到 30 秒(取决于大小)进行安装。在此期间(特别是在第一秒左右),如果您运行上述 WQL 查询,它将阻止 USB 音量从操作系统挂载 (? !?) 有效地导致拒绝服务。

无论这让我多么怀疑,在询问之后我确信如果我使用异步(而不是同步半同步)WQL查询,拒绝服务不会发生。

SELECT * FROM __instanceoperationevent WITHIN 2 
WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_LogicalDisk' and TargetInstance.DriveType = 2

如果 __instanceoperationevent ISA __InstanceCreationEvent 则卷已添加。如果 __instanceoperationevent ISA __InstanceDeletionEvent 则该卷已删除。

似乎__instanceoperationevent ISA __InstanceModificationEvent 卷被弹出时,但我不清楚还有什么其他类型的操作可以导致这个。由于此时该卷仍处于连接状态,因此使用第一个 同步 查询(上文)来确定性地查询其 Size 可能是安全的。

异步 WQL 查询似乎可以通过两种不同的方式调用,作为临时永久 WMI 事件消费者。差别不大,但是permanent 过滤器+消费者似乎是被推荐的并且似乎不会与 WQL 查询“配额”发生冲突。

无论哪种方式,都没有明智的方法来使用通过 js-ctypes 传入的 JavaScript 回调来处理生成的 WMI 事件。 :-( 剩下的就是寻找一种方法来使用事件,然后将它们传回 Firefox。

我最终使用了基于 DBD::WMI 的 Strawberry perl 脚本根据@Corion 对 a perlmonks question 的回答每 2 秒异步轮询一次事件,然后使用 IO::Socket::INET将结果通过 TCP 套接字发送给 Firefox。 (你完全可以用任何语言来做到这一点——我碰巧对 Perl 很满意)。

然后我在我的插件中实现了 nsIServerSocket,等待 \n 终止行来解析收集到的输入并执行与上述相同的建模和合成事件。

关于javascript - jsctypes - 将 SHChangeNotifyRegister 用于 MEDIA/DRIVE 事件的问题,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21399770/

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