我决定在 Heroku 上试用 Spring Boot，一切都很完美......好吧，除了数据库!
我尝试了很多不同的方法来让它工作，遵循了很多我在网上找到的不同方法以及 StackOverflow 上的问题，但似乎没有什么对我有用。 我将仅发布我尝试部署的应用程序的最低限度。
下面的部署很好，但是当我尝试发布某些内容时，我得到以下响应:
{"timestamp":1413600470146,"error":"不支持的媒体类型","status":415,"message":"不支持的媒体类型"
当我尝试获取时，我在 Heroku 日志中收到以下异常: 嵌套异常是 org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: 无法提取 ResultSet] 的根本原因
org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: relation "exampleEntity" does not exist
Position: 109
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2103)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1836)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:257)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execute(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:512)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:388)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeQuery(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:273)
at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingPreparedStatement.executeQuery(DelegatingPreparedStatement.java:96)
....
所以，我有以下 pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>project-name</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<jersey.version>2.8</jersey.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-bom</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.1-901-1.jdbc4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-container-servlet</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.ext</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-spring3</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-media-moxy</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.test-framework.providers</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-test-framework-provider-inmemory</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>1.5.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.skyscreamer</groupId>
<artifactId>jsonassert</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<name>Spring Releases</name>
<url>http://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>org.jboss.repository.releases</id>
<name>JBoss Maven Release Repository</name>
<url>https://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/repositories/releases</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<name>Spring Releases</name>
<url>http://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</project>
那么我的主类是:
package com.example;
import org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer;
import org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import com.example.config.JerseyConfig;
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
@EnableJpaRepositories
public class Main {
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean jerseyServlet() {
ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(new ServletContainer(), "/rest/*");
// our rest resources will be available in the path /rest/*
registration.addInitParameter(ServletProperties.JAXRS_APPLICATION_CLASS, JerseyConfig.class.getName());
return registration;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SpringApplicationBuilder(Main.class).showBanner(false).run(args);
}
}
我还有一个 JerseyConfig(用于 Jersey 配置):
package com.example.config;
import org.glassfish.jersey.filter.LoggingFilter;
import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;
import org.glassfish.jersey.server.spring.scope.RequestContextFilter;
public class JerseyConfig extends ResourceConfig {
public JerseyConfig() {
register(RequestContextFilter.class);
packages("com.example");
register(LoggingFilter.class);
}
}
还有一个用于数据库的 BasicDataSource:
package com.example.config;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class SimpleDbConfig {
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() throws URISyntaxException {
URI dbUri;
try {
String username = "username";
String password = "password";
String url = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost/dbname";
String dbProperty = System.getProperty("database.url");
if(dbProperty != null) {
dbUri = new URI(dbProperty);
username = dbUri.getUserInfo().split(":")[0];
password = dbUri.getUserInfo().split(":")[1];
url = "jdbc:postgresql://" + dbUri.getHost() + dbUri.getPath();
}
BasicDataSource basicDataSource = new BasicDataSource();
basicDataSource.setUrl(url);
basicDataSource.setUsername(username);
basicDataSource.setPassword(password);
return basicDataSource;
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
//Deal with errors here.
throw e;
}
}
}
最后，我有了我的 REST 资源:
package com.example.resource;
import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.example.service.ExampleService;
import com.example.transport.ExampleEntity;
@Path("/entities")
@Component
public class ExampleResource {
private ExampleService exampleService;
@Autowired
public ExampleResource(ExampleService exampleService) {
this.exampleService = exampleService;
}
@POST
@Path("/new")
@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public ExampleEntity createNewEntity(ExampleEntity entity) {
return exampleService.createNewEntity(entity);
}
@GET
@Path("/{id}")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public ExampleEntity getExampleDetails(@PathParam("id") Long id) {
return exampleService.findEntity(id);
}
}
一个服务类:
package com.example.service;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.example.repositories.ExampleRepository;
import com.example.transport.ExampleEntity;
@Service
public class ExampleService {
private ExampleRepository repo;
@Autowired
public ExampleService(ExampleRepository repo) {
this.repo = repo;
}
@Transactional
public ExampleEntity createNewEntity(ExampleEntity entity) {
ExampleEntity savedEntity = repo.save(entity);
return savedEntity;
}
@Transactional
public ExampleEntity findEntity(Long id) {
return repo.findOne(id);
}
}
实体:
package com.example.transport;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
@XmlRootElement
@Entity
public class ExampleEntity {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private long id;
private String name;
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
最后是 repo 接口(interface):
package com.example.repositories;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import com.example.transport.ExampleEntity;
public interface MeetingRepository extends CrudRepository<ExampleEntity, Long> {
}
非常感谢任何帮助!
编辑:
我使用的 Procfile 如下:
web: java -Dserver.port=$PORT -Ddatabase.url=$DATABASE_URL $JAVA_OPTS -jar target/project-name-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
最佳答案
看来您还没有创建表exampleEntity然而。我可以看到你正在使用 postgreSQL，所以请使用 heroku config | grep HEROKU_POSTGRESQL检查您是否在 heroku 中启用了一个(还有它的名称和 url)。如果没有，请在您的 heroku 客户经理中启用它，它是一个免费插件。
使用 heroku pg:promote HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_<color of your db>将其提升为主要的。你会得到如下输出:
Promoting HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_BROWN_URL (DATABASE_URL) to DATABASE_URL... done
现在您应该使用 DATABASE_URL 环境变量连接到您的数据库。 Heroku 将为您提供。 (也请发布您的 Procfile)。
使用 url 连接到您的数据库并添加所需的表，该表的架构与您的 ExampleEntity 匹配类。
边注
连接到 heroku 数据库:
- > https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/connecting-to-heroku-postgres-databases-from-outside-of-heroku
如果你不明白我写的一些 heroku 的东西，他们的文档写得非常好:
- > https://devcenter.heroku.com/categories/heroku-architecture
- > https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/heroku-postgresql
如果我对你们的理解都错了，并且您在本地主机上运行您的应用程序并且尚未将其部署到 heroku，那么只需将表添加到您的本地数据库实例即可。
关于java - 在 Heroku 上使用 Spring Boot 的 Postgresql 问题，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26435836/