java - 未找到 Spring @Autowired bean，未找到 [...] 类型的合格 bean

Question

尝试在 TestNG-Test 中启动我的应用程序上下文时出现以下异常:

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'albumService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.yoon.archive.dao.AlbumDao net.yoon.archive.service.AlbumService.albumDa
o; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.yoon.archive.dao.AlbumDao] found for dependency: exp
ected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at [... Framework code ...]

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.yoon.archive.dao.AlbumDao net.yoon.archive.service.AlbumService.albumDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.yoon.archive.dao.AlbumDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at [...]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.yoon.archive.dao.AlbumDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at [...]

就我对构建 spring 应用程序上下文的理解而言，我应该正确地做到这一点，遗憾的是，这种性质的类似问题也没有给我任何解决错误的答案。

抱歉下面的代码墙，但我觉得它可能都是相关的。

不能 Autowiring 的bean:

package net.yoon.archive.dao;

import net.yoon.archive.domain.music.Album;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Repository
@Transactional
public class AlbumDao extends AbstractHibernateDao<Album> {

}

我试图 Autowiring 它的 bean:

package net.yoon.archive.service;

import net.yoon.archive.dao.AbstractHibernateDao;
import net.yoon.archive.dao.AlbumDao;
import net.yoon.archive.domain.music.Album;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class AlbumService extends AbstractDaoService<Album> {

    @Autowired
    private AlbumDao albumDao;

    @Override
    protected AbstractHibernateDao<Album> getDao() {
        return albumDao;
    }
}

创建应用上下文的测试类:

package net.yoon.archive.service;

import net.yoon.archive.TestGroups;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.testng.AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

@Test(groups = { TestGroups.SERVICE_TEST })
@ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })
public class NameServiceTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

    @Autowired
    private NameService nameService;

    public void testSetup() {
        Assert.assertNotNull(nameService);
    }
}

我的applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <tx:annotation-driven />

    <context:component-scan base-package="net.yoon.archive" />

    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"
        p:sessionFactory-ref="sessionFactory">
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource">
        [...]
    </bean>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        [...]
    </bean>
</beans>

Answer 1

将您的事务配置修改为

<tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true"/>

以便 Spring 使用可以扩展您的 bean 类的 CGLIB 代理，即。 AlbumDao。或者，对接口(interface)进行编程。