带有图像的 Android ViewPager : memory leak/app crashes

标签 android memory-leaks android-viewpager

我正在编写一个显示全景图片的应用，该全景图片最终在其上有几个标记以显示有关某些点的信息。

由于大图像使应用程序崩溃(我在应用程序中还有另一个正在显示大 map 的 Activity )，我现在尝试使用 ViewPager 将全景图显示为一系列页面。

我已经设法以 6 位显示图片，我认为一切进展顺利，但现在由于内存耗尽，应用程序在几次滑动(大约 7 到 8 次)后崩溃。

我很困惑，为什么我认为我的元素一旦离开屏幕就会被摧毁？ 我是一个绝对的菜鸟，如果我浪费了时间，我很抱歉。我整天都在阅读和尝试来自这里和其他地方的解决方案，但我并不聪明。

这是我的代码: Activity 全景 View 

public class PanoramaView extends Activity {

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.panorama);
    MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter();
    ViewPager myPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.mysixpanelpager);
    myPager.setAdapter(adapter);
    myPager.setCurrentItem(2);
}


}

MyPagerAdapter

public class MyPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter {
    public int getCount() {
        return 6;
    }
    public Object instantiateItem(View collection, int position) {
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) collection.getContext()
                .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        int resId = 0;
        switch (position) {
        case 0:
            resId = R.layout.farleft;
            break;
        case 1:
            resId = R.layout.left;
            break;
        case 2:
            resId = R.layout.middle;
            break;
        case 3:
            resId = R.layout.right;
            break;
        case 4:
            resId = R.layout.farright;
            break;
        case 5:
            resId = R.layout.farfarright;
            break;
        }
        //ImageView imageView = new ImageView(getApplicationContext());
        //imageView.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
        //imageView.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), ids[position]));

        View view = inflater.inflate(resId, null);
        ((ViewPager) collection).addView(view, 0);
        return view;
    }
    @Override
    public void destroyItem(View collection, int position, Object o) {
        View view = (View)o;
        ((ViewPager) collection).removeView(view);
        view = null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isViewFromObject(View arg0, Object arg1) {
        return arg0 == ((View) arg1);
    }
    @Override
    public Parcelable saveState() {
        return null;
    }
}

我的主布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/mysixpanelpager"/>
</LinearLayout>

我保证从现在开始我将成为一名乐于助人的成员(member)(或者在我真正知道自己在做什么之后更是如此)。

编辑: - 在第一个 Activity 中，我正在显示一个 552kb 的图像。 - 我在此 Activity (PanoramaView) 中显示的六张图像在 309 到 500kb 之间。 - 我在 Eclipse 中使用了分配跟踪器，我只能看到内存已满，但我不清楚确切的数据 - 显示 7 或 8 张图像后发生崩溃(基本上是在向后和第四次滑动之后)

这是 farfarright.xml 的代码

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

<ImageView 
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/imageView"
    android:src="@drawable/panorama6"
    android:adjustViewBounds="true"
    android:contentDescription="@string/panorama" >

</ImageView>
</LinearLayout>

我尝试设置屏幕外页面限制，但没有帮助。

我找到了 this关于内存管理的链接在另一篇文章中，我今晚会看一下。

编辑:这里是 LogCat 输出

11-28 21:17:42.551: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 51K, 53% free 2558K/5379K, external 2002K/2137K, paused 65ms
11-28 21:17:43.261: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 1K, 53% free 2557K/5379K, external 3297K/4118K, paused 44ms
11-28 21:17:47.741: W/KeyCharacterMap(328): No keyboard for id 0
11-28 21:17:47.741: W/KeyCharacterMap(328): Using default keymap: /system/usr/keychars/qwerty.kcm.bin
11-28 21:17:49.141: D/DFSAPP(328): my button id before is 2
11-28 21:17:49.691: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 36K, 52% free 2614K/5379K, external 15576K/15708K, paused 50ms
11-28 21:17:54.571: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 12K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 17386K/17735K, paused 39ms
11-28 21:17:54.661: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 0K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 17386K/17735K, paused 61ms
11-28 21:17:54.711: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.629MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:17:54.711: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed <1K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 18975K/21023K, paused 42ms
11-28 21:18:03.751: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 6K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 18269K/20317K, paused 46ms
11-28 21:18:03.822: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.628MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:03.852: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed <1K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 18975K/20317K, paused 32ms
11-28 21:18:04.131: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed <1K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 17386K/19434K, paused 49ms
11-28 21:18:04.191: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.628MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:04.201: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 0K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 18975K/19434K, paused 34ms
11-28 21:18:07.301: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 1K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 18269K/19434K, paused 46ms
11-28 21:18:07.381: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.801MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:07.401: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed <1K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 19152K/19434K, paused 38ms
11-28 21:18:07.611: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed <1K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 18159K/19434K, paused 47ms
11-28 21:18:07.681: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.801MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:07.681: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 0K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 19152K/19434K, paused 36ms
11-28 21:18:18.901: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 5K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 18269K/19434K, paused 57ms
11-28 21:18:18.972: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.802MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:18.991: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed <1K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 19152K/19434K, paused 33ms
11-28 21:18:19.181: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 1K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 18159K/19434K, paused 55ms
11-28 21:18:19.251: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.801MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:19.251: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 0K, 52% free 2615K/5379K, external 19152K/19434K, paused 33ms
11-28 21:18:21.551: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 1K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 18975K/19434K, paused 46ms
11-28 21:18:21.581: E/dalvikvm-heap(328): 1627200-byte external allocation too large for this process.
11-28 21:18:21.621: I/dalvikvm-heap(328): Clamp target GC heap from 25.629MB to 24.000MB
11-28 21:18:21.621: E/GraphicsJNI(328): VM won't let us allocate 1627200 bytes
11-28 21:18:21.631: D/dalvikvm(328): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 0K, 52% free 2616K/5379K, external 18975K/19434K, paused 34ms
11-28 21:18:21.641: D/AndroidRuntime(328): Shutting down VM
11-28 21:18:21.641: W/dalvikvm(328): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40015560)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328): android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #7: Error inflating class <unknown>
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:518)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:623)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:408)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at com.businesbike.dfp.MyPagerAdapter.instantiateItem(MyPagerAdapter.java:43)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.addNewItem(ViewPager.java:692)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:849)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:772)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.completeScroll(ViewPager.java:1539)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.computeScroll(ViewPager.java:1422)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1562)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1373)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1644)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1373)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6883)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:357)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1646)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1373)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1644)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1373)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6883)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:357)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.draw(PhoneWindow.java:1862)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewRoot.draw(ViewRoot.java:1522)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:1258)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1859)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328): Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  ... 36 more
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328): Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:477)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:444)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(Bitmap.java:349)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.finishDecode(BitmapFactory.java:498)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:473)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:697)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1709)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.widget.ImageView.<init>(ImageView.java:118)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  at android.widget.ImageView.<init>(ImageView.java:108)
11-28 21:18:21.732: E/AndroidRuntime(328):  ... 39 more

如果有人看到这篇文章，这里似乎已经修复了它: 我已将代码更改为下面答案中的代码，并且我还将全景图片切成更小的部分，因此现在每张图片都低于 300kb。

最佳答案

答案有点晚，但问题实际上很简单，我没有看到其他针​​对它的答案。

问题是，当您手动解码位图时(就像您在那些注释掉的行中所做的那样)，您必须 .recycle() 您自己强>。所以，回到你的代码，在你的适配器中你必须补充这个:

@Override
public Object instantiateItem(View collection, int position) {
    // ...
    View view = inflater.inflate(resId, null);
    ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
    imageView.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),
            ids[position]));
    ((ViewPager) collection).addView(view, 0);
    return view;
}

这样 -- 除了从层次结构中删除 View 之外，还回收 Bitmap:

@Override
public void destroyItem(View collection, int position, Object o) {
    View view = (View)o;
    ImageView imgView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
    BitmapDrawable bmpDrawable = (BitmapDrawable) imgView.getDrawable();
    if (bmpDrawable != null && bmpDrawable.getBitmap() != null) {
            // This is the important part
            bmpDrawable.getBitmap().recycle();
    }
    ((ViewPager) collection).removeView(view);
    view = null;
}

就这么简单，不需要单独的位图管理什么的。

关于带有图像的 Android ViewPager : memory leak/app crashes，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13586963/

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