我是 laravel 模型单元测试的新手。所以请看看并告诉我我做错了什么。我的代码在下面给出。我有 2 个模型 User 和 UserState。
模型用户
public function state()
{
return $this->hasOne('UserState');
}
模型用户状态
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo('User');
}
现在我正在为 UserState 编写单元测试。如下所示:
单元测试用户状态模型测试
public function testUserRelationIsTrue(){
$user = new User();
$user->username = 'testusername';
$user->save();
$this->assertEquals($user->user_id, $user->state->id);
}
在 phpunit 测试运行期间它产生错误
Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation:
1452 Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails
最佳答案
如果您真的想测试一个关系方法,您可以完成它,甚至不需要将模型保存到数据库中。 您仍然需要使用 RefreshDatabase 特征(或 DatabaseMigrations 特征),否则模型将不会映射到任何表。
# tests/Unit/ParentTest.php
/**
* Test Parent has HasMany relationship with Child model
* @test
*/
public function has_many_children_with_parent_id_fk()
{
$parent = new Parent;
$foreign_key = 'parent_id';
// Get the relationship object, not the data collection
$relationship = $parent->children();
$related_model = $relationship->getRelated();
// Assert this is a HasMany relationship
$this->assertInstanceOf(HasMany::class, $relationship);
// Assert the related model is Child
$this->assertInstanceOf(Child::class, $related_model);
// Assert the foreign key is the one we specified
// (This can be useful if you do not use the default one)
$this->assertEquals($foreign_key, $relationship->getForeignKeyName());
// Assert the foreign key is a column
// of the database table mapped by the Child model
$this->assertTrue(Schema::hasColumns($related_model->getTable(), array($foreign_key)));
}
# tests/Unit/ChildTest.php
/**
* Test Child has belongsTo relationship with Parent model
* @test
*/
public function belongs_to_parent_with_parent_id_fk()
{
$child = new Child;
$foreign_key = 'parent_id';
// Get the relationship object, not the data collection
$relationship = $child->parent();
$related_model = $relationship->getRelated();
// Assert this is a BelongsTo relationship
$this->assertInstanceOf(BelongsTo::class, $relationship);
// Assert the related model is Parent
$this->assertInstanceOf(Parent::class, $related_model);
// Assert the foreign key is the one we specified
// (This can be useful if you do not use the default one)
$this->assertEquals($foreign_key, $relationship->getForeignKeyName());
// Assert the foreign key is a column
// of the database table mapped by the Child model
$this->assertTrue(Schema::hasColumns($relationship->getParent()->getTable(), array($foreign_key)));
}
这有点少,但您可以进行自定义断言以将所有这些封装在所有测试文件扩展的 TestCase 中。以下方法适合我的需要
# tests/TestCase.php
public function assertHasManyUsing($related_model, $relationship, $foreign_key)
{
$this->assertInstanceOf(HasMany::class, $relationship);
$this->assertInstanceOf($related_model, $relationship->getRelated());
$this->assertEquals($foreign_key, $relationship->getForeignKeyName());
$this->assertTrue(Schema::hasColumns($relationship->getRelated()->getTable(), array($foreign_key)));
}
public function assertBelongsToUsing($related_model, $relationship, $foreign_key)
{
$this->assertInstanceOf(BelongsTo::class, $relationship);
$this->assertInstanceOf($related_model, $relationship->getRelated());
$this->assertEquals($foreign_key, $relationship->getForeignKeyName());
$this->assertTrue(Schema::hasColumns($relationship->getParent()->getTable(), array($foreign_key)));
}
现在,重构测试看起来像这样
# tests/Unit/ParentTest.php
/**
* Test Parent has HasMany relationship with Child model
* @test
*/
public function has_many_children_with_parent_id_fk()
{
$parent = new Parent;
$this->assertHasManyUsing(Child::class, $parent->children(), 'parent_id');
}
# tests/Unit/ChildTest.php
/**
* Test Child has belongsTo relationship with Parent model
* @test
*/
public function belongs_to_parent_with_parent_id_fk()
{
$child = new Child;
$this->assertBelongsToUsing(Parent::class, $child->parent(), 'parent_id');
}
关于php - laravel模型中关系的单元测试,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24991217/