php - 使用 jquery ajax 将数据传递给 php 的问题

Question

我有一个 html 表单，应该通过 jquery ajax 将数据提交到 php 文件。代码可以在下面看到。我遇到的问题是，在单击提交时，ajax 似乎没有将数据传递给 php，因为 done() 函数下的 console.log 返回一个 $data 对象，显示所有字段都是空的(即当字段为空时返回错误消息)。我根本不知道问题出在哪里。当我在不使用 ajax 的情况下提交表单时，即禁用整个 $('form').submit (...) block 时，成功消息返回 true。 ajax block 总是返回 false

<form id="sds_contact_form" class="sds_form" action="form_submit.php" method="post">
                    <!-- name -->
                    <div class="sds_input_group sds_half_field">
                        <label for="sds_sender_name">full name*</label>
                        <input id="sds_sender_name" name="sds_customer" type="text" placeholder="eg John smith" required />
                        <span id="sds_customername_error" class="sds_error_span"></span>
                    </div>
                    <!-- email address -->
                    <div class="sds_input_group sds_half_field">
                        <label for="sds_sender_email">email*</label>
                        <input id="sds_sender_email" name="sds_form_email" type="email" placeholder="eg j.smith@example.com" required />
                        <span id="sds_email_error" class="sds_error_span"></span>
                    </div>
                    <!-- subject -->
                    <div class="sds_input_group">
                        <label for="sds_email_subject">subject*</label>
                        <input id="sds_email_subject" name="sds_form_subject" type="text" placeholder="e.g need an app designed" required />
                        <span id="sds_subject_error" class="sds_error_span"></span>
                    </div>
                    <!--enquiry -->
                    <div class="sds_input_group">
                        <label for="sds_sender_enquiry">enquiry*</label>
                        <span id="sds_enquiry_error" class="sds_error_span"></span>
                        <textarea id="sds_sender_enquiry" name="sds_form_enquiry" placeholder="enter details here" rows="15" required></textarea>
                    </div>
                    <!-- submit button -->
                    <button  name="sds_submit_enquiry" type="submit" class="sds_form_button sds_button">send</button>
                </form> 

这是jquery代码

//form data submission
$('form').submit(function(event){
    var form_data = {
        'customer_name' : $('#sds_sender_name').val(),
        'customer_email' : $('#sds_sender_email').val(),
        'email_subject': $('#sds_email_subject').val(),
        'enquiry': $('#sds_sender_enquiry').val()
    };
    console.log(form_data);

    $.ajax({
        url :'form_submit.php',
        type:'POST',
        data:form_data,
        dataType:'json',

    }).done(function(data){
        console.log(data);

    }).fail(function(xhr, ajaxOptions, thrownError){
        console.log("ERROR:" + xhr.responseText+" - "+thrownError);
    });
    event.preventDefault();


});

这是 form_submit.php 中的 PHP 代码

<?php

$data = array();
$errors = array();

//get form data
$customer_name = $_POST['sds_customer'];
$customer_email = $_POST['sds_form_email'];
$email_subject = $_POST['sds_form_subject'];
$enquiry = $_POST['sds_form_enquiry'];  

//validate name
if(empty($customer_name)){
    $errors['customer_name'] = 'name is required';
}

//validate email
if(empty($customer_email)){
    $errors['customer_email'] = 'email is required';
}else{
    if(!filter_var($customer_email,FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)){
        $errors['customer_email'] = 'email provided is invalid';
    }
    $customer_email = filter_var($customer_email,FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL);
}

//validate form subject
if(empty($email_subject)){
    $errors['email_subject'] = 'subject is required';
}else{
    $email_subject = filter_var($email_subject,FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING);
}

//validate form comments
if(empty($enquiry)){
    $errors['enquiry'] = 'please enter your enquiry';
}else{
    $enquiry = filter_var($enquiry,FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING);
}



if(!empty($errors)){
    $data['success'] = false;
    $data['errors'] = $errors;
}else{
    $data['success'] = true;
    $data['message'] = "Your email has been sucessfully sent. Thank you for your enquiry. Exepect a response soon!";

    //further data processing here....


}
echo json_encode($data);

?>

Answer 1

你的问题是关于参数名称在 jquery 中参数定义为:

var form_data = {
    'customer_name' : $('#sds_sender_name').val(),
    'customer_email' : $('#sds_sender_email').val(),
    'email_subject': $('#sds_email_subject').val(),
    'enquiry': $('#sds_sender_enquiry').val()
};

在 PHP 中，您使用的是 sds 前缀(如在表单中所写):

//get form data
$customer_name = $_POST['sds_customer'];
$customer_email = $_POST['sds_form_email'];
$email_subject = $_POST['sds_form_subject'];
$enquiry = $_POST['sds_form_enquiry'];

您的参数应该与 AJAX 匹配，而不是与表单匹配(如下所示)。

$customer_name = $_POST['customer_name'];
$customer_email = $_POST['customer_email'];
$email_subject = $_POST['email_subject'];
$enquiry = $_POST['enquiry'];

或者只是在表单上使用序列化:

$.ajax(
    data: $("#sds_contact_form").serialize(),
    /*** others parameters ***/