Java 原语拓宽面试

标签 java

<分区>

你能解释一下为什么结果是“int”吗？如果变量是一个字节，我希望它是“长”的。

public class Test{
      public static void printValue(int i, int j, int k){
            System.out.println("int");
      }

      public static void printValue(byte...b){
            System.out.println("long");
      }

      public static void main(String... args){
            byte b = 9;
            printValue(b,b,b);
      }
}

最佳答案

Java 编译器必须在两种匹配方法之间进行选择。它总是会选择一种不使用可变元数 (varargs) 的方法，而不是使用它的方法。它宁愿将所有 3 个参数提升为 int 以匹配第一个 printValue 而不是使用可变参数。

Section 15.12.2 of the JLS状态:

The remainder of the process is split into three phases, to ensure compatibility with versions of the Java programming language prior to Java SE 5.0. The phases are:

The first phase (§15.12.2.2) performs overload resolution without permitting boxing or unboxing conversion, or the use of variable arity method invocation. If no applicable method is found during this phase then processing continues to the second phase.

This guarantees that any calls that were valid in the Java programming language before Java SE 5.0 are not considered ambiguous as the result of the introduction of variable arity methods, implicit boxing and/or unboxing. However, the declaration of a variable arity method (§8.4.1) can change the method chosen for a given method method invocation expression, because a variable arity method is treated as a fixed arity method in the first phase. For example, declaring m(Object...) in a class which already declares m(Object) causes m(Object) to no longer be chosen for some invocation expressions (such as m(null)), as m(Object[]) is more specific.

The second phase (§15.12.2.3) performs overload resolution while allowing boxing and unboxing, but still precludes the use of variable arity method invocation. If no applicable method is found during this phase then processing continues to the third phase.

This ensures that a method is never chosen through variable arity method invocation if it is applicable through fixed arity method invocation.

The third phase (§15.12.2.4) allows overloading to be combined with variable arity methods, boxing, and unboxing.