我是 Python 和 Django 的新手。我正在尝试在 Linux 上安装 Django。 服务器上当前可用的 Python 版本为 Python 2.4.3 我按照以下步骤安装了 Python 3.4.2:
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.2/Python-3.4.2.tgz
tar -xvzf Python-3.4.2.tgz
cd Python-3.4.2
./configure --prefix=/root/python3
make
make install
Python 已正确安装。
所以当我执行 /root/python3/bin/python3.4
时,我得到 Python 3.4.2 版
所以我创建了一个软链接(soft link) -> ln -s/root/python3/bin/python3.4 python3
现在我通过创建一个virtualenv
/root/python3/bin/pyvenv-3.4 venv3.4
source venv3.4/bin/activate
然后我安装了 DJango:
pip install Django==1.9
Django 安装成功
创建项目 myproj:
django-admin startproject myproj
myproj 项目成功创建:
cd myproj
现在当我执行 python manage.py migrate
时出现错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 350, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 342, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 399, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 89, in handle
executor = MigrationExecutor(connection, self.migration_progress_callback)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 20, in __init__
self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 49, in __init__
self.build_graph()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 176, in build_graph
self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 65, in applied_migrations
self.ensure_schema()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 56, in ensure_schema
with self.connection.schema_editor() as editor:
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/schema.py", line 25, in __enter__
self._initial_pragma_fk = c.fetchone()[0]
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable
当我执行命令 python manage.py runserver
时出现错误:
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x7fc0df5e7f28>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 226, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 117, in inner_run
self.check_migrations()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 163, in check_migrations
executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 20, in __init__
self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 49, in __init__
self.build_graph()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 176, in build_graph
self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 65, in applied_migrations
self.ensure_schema()
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 56, in ensure_schema
with self.connection.schema_editor() as editor:
File "/root/venv3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/schema.py", line 25, in __enter__
self._initial_pragma_fk = c.fetchone()[0]
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable
我尝试了所有 stackoverflow 讨论中提供的所有解决方案。
settings.py 文件
"""
Django settings for myproj project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.9.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'qg#8o8)e*or5o#g+pxp3_&9r*=i2b*k59wjis=!*5a1&b6^^_='
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'myproj.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myproj.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
管理.py文件
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myproj.settings")
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
Django 版本 -> 1.9
我没有添加任何环境变量,如 PYTHONPATH 或 PATH。我需要这样做吗? 如果是,请告诉我要设置什么以及如何设置。
请求大家帮助解决这个错误,以便我可以开始使用 Django。我挣扎了将近 3-4 天。
最佳答案
在 similar bug report 上,看起来问题出在旧版本的 sqlite3。
Django 只支持最新的 Python 版本,所以如果你想使用 Python 3.4,我建议你安装 3.4.6 而不是 3.4.2。
请注意,Django 1.9 已停产,不再接收安全修复程序。我建议您升级到新的 1.11 LTS(如果您无法升级,则可能降级到以前的 1.8 LTS)。
关于python - Django:文件 "manage.py",第 10 行,在 <module> execute_from_command_line(sys.argv),我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44366434/