python - 如何检测图像中的游戏板

Question

我需要找一个围棋棋盘，用 python 上的 opencv2 检测照片上的筹码，但现在棋盘检测有问题，在同一个轮廓上有奇怪的点，我不明白，我怎么能删除它们。这就是我现在所拥有的:

from skimage import exposure
import numpy as np
import argparse
import imutils
import cv2

ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-r", required = True,
    help = "ratio", type=int, default = 800)
args = vars(ap.parse_args())

img = cv2.imread('3.jpg') #upload image and change resolution
ratio = img.shape[0] / args["r"]
orig = img.copy()
img = imutils.resize(img, height = args["r"])

gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) 
gray = cv2.bilateralFilter(gray, 11, 17, 17)
edged = cv2.Canny(gray, 30, 200)

cnts= cv2.findContours(edged.copy(), cv2.RETR_LIST, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE) #search contours and sorting them
cnts = imutils.grab_contours(cnts)
cnts = sorted(cnts, key = cv2.contourArea, reverse = True)[:10]
screenCnt = None

for cnt in cnts:

    rect = cv2.minAreaRect(cnt) # try to fit each contour in rectangle
    box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
    box = np.int0(box)

    area = int(rect[1][0]*rect[1][1]) # calculating contour area

    if (area > 300000):
        print(area)
        cv2.drawContours(img, cnt, -1, (255, 0, 0), 4) #dots in contour
        hull = cv2.convexHull(cnt) # calculating convex hull
        cv2.drawContours(img, [hull], -1, (0, 0, 255), 3)

cv2.imshow("death", img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

来源

结果

Answer 1

这是一种检测电路板的方法

• 将图像转换为灰度并使用双边滤波器进行模糊处理
• 获取二值图像的阈值
• 寻找轮廓
• 使用轮廓区域和轮廓形状近似进行过滤
• 执行透视变换以提取董事会 ROI

---

阈值

查找轮廓，然后使用 cv2.contourArea() 和最小阈值区域进行过滤。此外，使用轮廓近似作为 cv2.approxPolyDP() 的第二个过滤器。本质上，如果一个轮廓有四个个顶点，那么它一定是正方形或长方形(板)。

我们还可以提取棋盘的边界框并将其放在掩码上

最后，如果我们想获得棋盘的俯 View ，我们可以进行透视变换

import cv2
import numpy as np

def perspective_transform(image, corners):
    def order_corner_points(corners):
        # Separate corners into individual points
        # Index 0 - top-right
        #       1 - top-left
        #       2 - bottom-left
        #       3 - bottom-right
        corners = [(corner[0][0], corner[0][1]) for corner in corners]
        top_r, top_l, bottom_l, bottom_r = corners[0], corners[1], corners[2], corners[3]
        return (top_l, top_r, bottom_r, bottom_l)

    # Order points in clockwise order
    ordered_corners = order_corner_points(corners)
    top_l, top_r, bottom_r, bottom_l = ordered_corners

    # Determine width of new image which is the max distance between 
    # (bottom right and bottom left) or (top right and top left) x-coordinates
    width_A = np.sqrt(((bottom_r[0] - bottom_l[0]) ** 2) + ((bottom_r[1] - bottom_l[1]) ** 2))
    width_B = np.sqrt(((top_r[0] - top_l[0]) ** 2) + ((top_r[1] - top_l[1]) ** 2))
    width = max(int(width_A), int(width_B))

    # Determine height of new image which is the max distance between 
    # (top right and bottom right) or (top left and bottom left) y-coordinates
    height_A = np.sqrt(((top_r[0] - bottom_r[0]) ** 2) + ((top_r[1] - bottom_r[1]) ** 2))
    height_B = np.sqrt(((top_l[0] - bottom_l[0]) ** 2) + ((top_l[1] - bottom_l[1]) ** 2))
    height = max(int(height_A), int(height_B))

    # Construct new points to obtain top-down view of image in 
    # top_r, top_l, bottom_l, bottom_r order
    dimensions = np.array([[0, 0], [width - 1, 0], [width - 1, height - 1], 
                    [0, height - 1]], dtype = "float32")

    # Convert to Numpy format
    ordered_corners = np.array(ordered_corners, dtype="float32")

    # Find perspective transform matrix
    matrix = cv2.getPerspectiveTransform(ordered_corners, dimensions)

    # Return the transformed image
    return cv2.warpPerspective(image, matrix, (width, height))

image = cv2.imread('1.jpg')
original = image.copy()
blur = cv2.bilateralFilter(image,9,75,75)
gray = cv2.cvtColor(blur, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray,40,255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)[1]

cnts = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]

mask = np.zeros(image.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
for c in cnts:
    area = cv2.contourArea(c)
    peri = cv2.arcLength(c, True)
    approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(c, 0.015 * peri, True)

    if area > 150000 and len(approx) == 4:
        cv2.drawContours(image,[c], 0, (36,255,12), 3)
        cv2.drawContours(mask,[c], 0, (255,255,255), -1)
        transformed = perspective_transform(original, approx)

mask = cv2.bitwise_and(mask, original)

cv2.imshow('thresh', thresh)
cv2.imshow('image', image)
cv2.imshow('mask', mask)
cv2.imshow('transformed', transformed)
cv2.waitKey()