我已经将 Python 作为 CGI 应用程序安装在 Windows 7 的 IIS 上。这非常简单，但我想使用 WSGI 的东西，以获得更好的灵 active 。
我下载了 isapi_wsgi 的存档，解压缩，然后按照 the instructions 运行安装，像这样:
\python27\python.exe setup.py install
这成功了:
然后我编写了一个包含 wsgi 胶水的 .py 模块，并尝试安装它。这失败了:
这是一个 COM Moniker 错误，我知道 IIS6 兼容的管理东西是基于 COM Monikers 的，这让我想起了 IIS6 兼容的管理东西的 isapi_wsgi 的先决条件。我跑了\windows\system32\OptionalFeatures.exe并安装它，然后重新运行 .py 模块并正确安装。
C:\dev\wsgi>\Python27\python.exe app1_wsgi.py
Configured Virtual Directory: /wsgi
Installation complete.
好的，太棒了。现在，当我查看当前目录时，我看到一个名为 _app1_wsgi.dll 的新 DLL，当我查看 IIS 管理器时，我可以看到一个新的 IIS vdir，以及该 vdir 中用于“*”的脚本映射，它映射到_app1_wsgi.DLL。都好。但!向 <a href="http://localhost/wsgi" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">http://localhost/wsgi</a> 提出请求给我一个 500 错误。
通过反复试验，我发现定义我的处理程序的 .py 模块必须位于站点包 目录中。我对此感到非常惊讶。
我可以避免这种情况吗？我可以简单地将 .py 模块放在与生成的 .dll 文件相同的目录中吗？或者我是否需要将我所有的 python 逻辑部署到站点包以便从 WSGI 机制运行它？
最佳答案
答案是:
问题中描述的 isapi_wsgi 安装是正确的。
使用 app.py 的基本样板(如 isapi_wsgi 附带的示例代码所示)，网络应用程序的 python 类需要位于 site-packages 目录中。
允许 python 源模块与生成的 *.dll 文件位于同一目录中是可能的，但它需要在 *wsgi.py 文件中进行一些特殊处理。
为了开发目的，在 Windows 上运行 python 的更好方法是简单地下载 Google App Engine 并使用内置的专用 http 服务器。 GAE SDK 附带的框架处理重新加载并允许将 .py 模块放置在特定目录中。
如果您不想下载和安装 GAE SDK，那么您可以尝试以下操作。使用此代码，当请求到达 isapi_wsgi 时，处理程序会在主目录中查找 py 模块并加载它。如果模块已经加载，它会检查文件“最后修改时间”，如果最后修改时间晚于上次加载的时间，则重新加载模块。它适用于简单的情况，但我想当有嵌套的模块依赖关系时它会很脆弱。
import sys
import os
import win32file
from win32con import *
# dictionary of [mtime, module] tuple; uses file path as key
loadedPages = {}
def request_handler(env, start_response):
'''Demo app from wsgiref'''
cr = lambda s='': s + '\n'
if hasattr(sys, "isapidllhandle"):
h = None
# get the path of the ISAPI Extension DLL
hDll = getattr(sys, "isapidllhandle", None)
import win32api
dllName = win32api.GetModuleFileName(hDll)
p1 = repr(dllName).split('?\\\\')
p2 = p1[1].split('\\\\')
sep = '\\'
homedir = sep.join(p2[:-1])
# the name of the Python module is in the PATH_INFO
moduleToImport = env['PATH_INFO'].split('/')[1]
pyFile = homedir + sep + moduleToImport + '.py'
fd = None
try:
fd = win32file.CreateFile(pyFile, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_DELETE, None, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, 0)
except Exception as exc1:
fd = None
if fd is not None:
# file exists, get mtime
fd.close()
mt = os.path.getmtime(pyFile)
else:
mt = None
if mt is not None:
h = None
if not pyFile in loadedPages:
# need a new import
if homedir not in sys.path:
sys.path.insert(0, homedir)
h = __import__(moduleToImport, globals(), locals(), [])
# remember
loadedPages[pyFile] = [mt, h]
else:
# retrieve handle to module
h = loadedPages[pyFile][1]
if mt != loadedPages[pyFile][0]:
# need to reload the page
reload(h)
loadedPages[pyFile][0] = mt
if h is not None:
if 'handler' in h.__dict__:
for x in h.handler(env, start_response):
yield x
else:
start_response("400 Bad Request", [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
else:
start_response("404 Not Found", [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield cr()
yield cr("<html><head><title>Module not found</title>" \
"</head><body>")
yield cr("<h3>404 Not Found</h3>")
yield cr("<h3>No handle</h3></body></html>")
else:
start_response("404 Not Found", [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield cr()
yield cr("<html><head><title>Module not found</title>" \
"</head><body>")
yield cr("<h3>404 Not Found</h3>")
yield cr("<h3>That module (" + moduleToImport + ") was not found.</h3></body></html>")
else:
start_response("500 Internal Server Error", [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield cr()
yield cr("<html><head><title>Server Error</title>" \
"</head><body><h1>Server Error - No ISAPI Found</h1></body></html>")
# def test(environ, start_response):
# '''Simple app as per PEP 333'''
# status = '200 OK'
# start_response(status, [('Content-type', 'text/plain')])
# return ['Hello world from isapi!']
import isapi_wsgi
# The entry point(s) for the ISAPI extension.
def __ExtensionFactory__():
return isapi_wsgi.ISAPISimpleHandler(request_handler)
def PostInstall(params, options):
print "The Extension has been installed"
# Handler for our custom 'status' argument.
def status_handler(options, log, arg):
"Query the status of the ISAPI?"
print "Everything seems to be fine..."
if __name__=='__main__':
# This logic gets invoked when the script is run from the command-line.
# In that case, it installs this module as an ISAPI.
#
# The API provided by isapi_wsgi for this is a bit confusing. There
# is an ISAPIParameters object. Within that object there is a
# VirtualDirs property, which itself is a list of
# VirtualDirParameters objects, one per vdir. Each vdir has a set
# of scriptmaps, usually this set of script maps will be a wildcard
# (*) so that all URLs in the vdir will be served through the ISAPI.
#
# To configure a single vdir to serve Python scripts through an
# ISAPI, create a scriptmap, and stuff it into the
# VirtualDirParameters object. Specify the vdir path and other
# things in the VirtualDirParameters object. Stuff that vdp object
# into a sequence and set it into the ISAPIParameters thing, then
# call the vaguely named "HandleCommandLine" function, passing that
# ISAPIParameters thing.
#
# Clear as mud?
#
# Seriously, this thing could be so much simpler, if it had
# reasonable defaults and a reasonable model, but I guess it will
# work as is.
from isapi.install import *
# Setup the virtual directories -
# To serve from root, set Name="/"
sm = [ ScriptMapParams(Extension="*", Flags=0) ]
vdp = VirtualDirParameters(Name="wsgi", # name of vdir/IIS app
Description = "ISAPI-WSGI Demo",
ScriptMaps = sm,
ScriptMapUpdate = "replace"
)
params = ISAPIParameters(PostInstall = PostInstall)
params.VirtualDirs = [vdp]
cah = {"status": status_handler}
# from isapi.install, part of pywin32
HandleCommandLine(params, custom_arg_handlers = cah)
使用此模型，请求 http://foo/wsgi/bar将尝试使用 WSGI .dll 文件从主目录加载 bar.py。如果找不到 bar.py，您会收到 404。如果 bar.py 自上次运行以来已更新，则会重新加载。如果无法加载 bar，您将获得 500。
bar.py 必须公开导出一个名为 handler 的方法。该方法必须是生成器。像这样:
import time
def handler(env, start_response):
start_response("200 OK", [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
cr = lambda s='': s + '\n'
yield cr("<html><head><title>Hello world!</title></head><body>")
yield cr("<h1>Bargle Bargle Bargle</h1>")
yield cr("<p>From the handler...</p>")
yield cr("<p>(bargle)</p>")
yield cr("<p>The time is now: " + time.asctime() + " </p>")
yield cr("</body></html>")
__all__ = ['handler']
但正如我所说，我认为 GAE 可能是使用 Windows 开发 Python 网络应用程序的更好方法。
关于python - 如何在 IIS 上为 Python2.7 正确安装 isapi_wsgi？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9754511/