python - 运行 Python/Selenium 时出现 IOError : [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'geckodriver. 日志

Question

通过 Flask/Python 运行 Selenium 时收到以下错误

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719608 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 151, in __init__
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719611 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]     log_path=log_path)
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719614 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/service.py", line 44, in __init__
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719617 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]     log_file = open(log_path, "a+") if log_path is not None and log_path != "" else None
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719620 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139] IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'geckodriver.log'

函数是

def get_index(api_key):
    if str(api_key)!=the_api_key:
        return 401
    base_url = 'www.google.com'
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
    browser.get(base_url)
    html = browser.page_source
    return html

如果我直接转到应用程序目录并运行脚本 (python run.py)，那么我不会收到错误。

基于此，通过 Flask 运行时，日志文件似乎不可写，但文件应该位于何处？

geckdriver 可执行文件安装在 /usr/local/bin/

Answer 1

这些错误提示我们发生了什么错误，如下所示:

[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719608 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 151, in __init__
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719611 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]     log_path=log_path)

根据源代码，GeckoDriver 使用两个默认参数 executable_path 和 log_path=log_path 启动，如下所示:

    if capabilities.get("marionette"):
        capabilities.pop("marionette")
        self.service = Service(executable_path, log_path=log_path)
        self.service.start()

您的程序在此处出错，因为 Value log_path(log_file)对应于 Key log_path 不可编辑(可附加)，最终失败:

[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719617 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139]     log_file = open(log_path, "a+") if log_path is not None and log_path != "" else None
[Wed Mar 07 03:02:27.719620 2018] [:error] [pid 21555] [client 108.162.250.6:36139] IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'geckodriver.log'

根据源代码，GeckoDriver 服务默认启动如下:

类服务(服务。服务): """管理启动和停止的对象 壁虎驱动程序。"""

def __init__(self, executable_path, port=0, service_args=None,
             log_path="geckodriver.log", env=None):
    """Creates a new instance of the GeckoDriver remote service proxy.

    GeckoDriver provides a HTTP interface speaking the W3C WebDriver
    protocol to Marionette.

    :param log_path: Optional path for the GeckoDriver to log to.
        Defaults to _geckodriver.log_ in the current working directory.

    """
    log_file = open(log_path, "a+") if log_path is not None and log_path != "" else None

这意味着如果您不通过您的程序显式传递 geckodriver.log 的位置，Geckodriver 往往会在 中自行创建一个文件当前工作目录 并且在缺少所需的权限 时出错并显示消息 Permission denied: 'geckodriver.log'

解决方案

首要的一点是检查您正在使用的二进制文件之间的兼容性。

• 确保您使用的是 Selenium-Python Client v3.10.0 , GeckoDriver v0.19.1和 Firefox Quantum v58.0.2

一个解决方案是:

• 使用所需参数 executable_path 和 log_path 初始化 GeckoDriver 以及 有效值(chmod 777 geckodriver .log) 如下:

  def get_index(api_key):
      if str(api_key)!=the_api_key:
      return 401
      base_url = 'www.google.com'
      browser = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path="/usr/local/bin/geckodriver", log_path="/path/to/geckodriver.log")
      browser.get(base_url)
      html = browser.page_source
      return html         
  

• 如果您打算在 Project Workspace 中创建 geckodriver.log，请确保获得所需的权限(chmod 777 Project Workspace)如下:

  def get_index(api_key):
      if str(api_key)!=the_api_key:
      return 401
      base_url = 'www.google.com'
      browser = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/geckodriver')
      browser.get(base_url)
      html = browser.page_source
      return html