欢迎。有人可以向我解释这段代码中发生了什么吗？我想知道这到底是如何工作的(它来自 http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Maze_generation#Python )。
from random import shuffle, randrange
def make_maze(w = 16, h = 8):
vis = [[0] * w + [1] for _ in range(h)] + [[1] * (w + 1)]
ver = [["| "] * w + ['|'] for _ in range(h)] + [[]]
hor = [["+--"] * w + ['+'] for _ in range(h + 1)]
def walk(x, y):
vis[y][x] = 1
d = [(x - 1, y), (x, y + 1), (x + 1, y), (x, y - 1)]
shuffle(d)
for (xx, yy) in d:
if vis[yy][xx]: continue
if xx == x: hor[max(y, yy)][x] = "+ "
if yy == y: ver[y][max(x, xx)] = " "
walk(xx, yy)
walk(randrange(w), randrange(h))
for (a, b) in zip(hor, ver):
print(''.join(a + ['\n'] + b))
make_maze()
最佳答案
我对迷宫生成一无所知，但我也很好奇这段代码是如何工作的。以下是一些见解:
这两行打印迷宫:
for (a, b) in zip(hor, ver):
print(''.join(a + ['\n'] + b))
那么如果我们将这些行放在定义 vis、ver 和 hor 的三行之后会发生什么？我们得到这个:
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
您甚至可以将这两行放在递归调用 walk(xx,yy) 之前，并查看迷宫进化的一些步骤:
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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+--+--+ + + +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
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+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
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+--+--+ +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
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+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
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+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
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[...]
现在让我们关注walk(x,y)。正如其名称和打印输出所暗示的那样，此函数在迷宫中行走，以随机方式移除墙壁以构建路径。
这个调用:
walk(randrange(w), randrange(h))
初始化迷宫内随机位置的步行。网格中的每个单元格只被访问一次；访问过的单元格在 vis 中标记。
这一行用当前单元格的所有四个邻居初始化一个数组:
d = [(x - 1, y), (x, y + 1), (x + 1, y), (x, y - 1)]
这些以随机顺序访问(感谢 shuffle(d))
这两条线是在 build 迷宫路径时移除墙壁的线:
# remove horizontal wall, "+--" turns into "+ "
if xx == x: hor[max(y, yy)][x] = "+ "
# remove vertical wall, "|" turns into " "
if yy == y: ver[y][max(x, xx)] = " "
关于这个算法还有很多要说的(见 Jongware 的评论)，但就理解这段特定的代码而言，这些是你可以做的事情。
关于Python迷宫生成器解释，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27017164/