python - 如何用海报上传文件作为数组元素？

Question

我正在尝试重复以下 curl 请求:

curl -i -k -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" \
  -F "method=uploadphoto" \
  -F "version=1.2.3" \
  -F "format=json" \
  -F "image[0]=@/Users/user/Downloads/file.jpeg" \
  https://example.com/api

与poster用法:

from poster.encode import multipart_encode, MultipartParam

file_content = open('/Users/user/Downloads/file.jpeg', 'rb')
url = 'https://example.com/api'
headers = {
    'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
}
parms = {
    'method': 'uploadphoto',
    'version': '1.2.3',
    'format': 'json'
}
mp_parms = []
for name, value in parms.items():
    mp_parms.append(MultipartParam(name, value, filetype='text/plain'))
file_photo = MultipartParam('image', file_content, 'file.jpeg', 'application/image')
mp_parms.append(file_photo)
parameters, headers = multipart_encode(mp_parms)
response = urlfetch.Fetch(url, payload=''.join(parameters), headers=headers, method=urlfetch.POST, deadline=60)

但看起来 image 字段作为单个字段传递，而数组应该传递。使用 image[0] 作为名称没有帮助。

我该如何解决？

Answer 1

我将示例切换为使用请求，因为我没有安装 Google App SDK，但下面的代码有效。

一个重要的变化是改变 image至 image[]这样做远程端将识别具有相同名称的多个输入。不确定是否同样适用于 urlfetch 但我不得不添加一个额外的 \r\n在原始帖子正文之后。

为了说明和测试，我让它上传了第二张图片。

先上代码:

from poster.encode import multipart_encode, MultipartParam
import requests
from pprint import pprint

file_content = open('/home/me/Pictures/admin.jpg', 'rb').read()
file_content2 = open('/home/me/Pictures/ed.jpeg', 'rb').read()
url = 'http://localhost/test.php'
parms = {
    'method': 'uploadphoto',
    'version': '1.2.3',
    'format': 'json'
}
mp_parms = []
for name, value in parms.items():
    mp_parms.append(MultipartParam(name, value, filetype='text/plain'))

file_photo = MultipartParam('image[]', file_content, 'file.jpeg', 'image/jpg')
mp_parms.append(file_photo)

file_photo = MultipartParam('image[]', file_content2, 'test.jpeg', 'image/jpg')
mp_parms.append(file_photo)

parameters, headers = multipart_encode(mp_parms)

pprint(headers)

#response = urlfetch.Fetch(url, payload=''.join(parameters), headers=headers, method=urlfetch.POST, deadline=60)

r = requests.post(url, data=''.join(parameters) + "\r\n", headers=headers)

print r.text

test.php它发布到的脚本包含 <?php var_dump($_POST, $_FILES, $_SERVER);并显示如下输出:

// The post data:
array(3) {
  ["version"]=>
  string(5) "1.2.3"
  ["method"]=>
  string(11) "uploadphoto"
  ["format"]=>
  string(4) "json"
}

// The uploaded files (both of them as expected):
array(1) {
  ["image"]=>
  array(5) {
    ["name"]=>
    array(2) {
      [0]=>
      string(9) "file.jpeg"
      [1]=>
      string(9) "test.jpeg"
    }
    ["type"]=>
    array(2) {
      [0]=>
      string(9) "image/jpg"
      [1]=>
      string(9) "image/jpg"
    }
    ["tmp_name"]=>
    array(2) {
      [0]=>
      string(14) "/tmp/phpnbpGGx"
      [1]=>
      string(14) "/tmp/php7TVcyL"
    }
    ["error"]=>
    array(2) {
      [0]=>
      int(0)
      [1]=>
      int(0)
    }
    ["size"]=>
    array(2) {
      [0]=>
      int(71066)
      [1]=>
      int(30450)
    }
  }
}

# some server vars:
["CONTENT_LENGTH"]=>
  string(6) "102186"
["CONTENT_TYPE"]=>
  string(62) "multipart/form-data; boundary=73772149e2ef4a5daf9b5eb18a5d73f5"

它产生了以下在 Wireshark 中抓取的 POST:

POST /test.php HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
Connection: keep-alive
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
User-Agent: python-requests/2.12.1
Content-Length: 102186
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a

--176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="version"
Content-Type: text/plain

1.2.3
--176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="method"
Content-Type: text/plain

uploadphoto
--176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="format"
Content-Type: text/plain

json
--176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image[]"; filename="file.jpeg"
Content-Type: image/jpg

......JFIF.....H.H.....C...................................
...snip...
..K5{......1....fh........k..n...
--176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image[]"; filename="test.jpeg"
Content-Type: image/jpg

......JFIF.............;CREATOR: gd-jpeg v1.0 (using IJG JPEG v80), quality = 90
...snip...
6.......~.h.j......}29..b~.h.).2.!E..tU.........L....d...lv..+....f)Y...
--176473ffab3146b5bfffc6185ad9474a--

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

希望对您有所帮助。我不确定 API 是否会关心，但您可能希望对图像数据进行 base64 编码并将 Content-Encoding 设置为 base64将原始二进制文件排除在帖子之外。

如果您在整合一些更改后仍然遇到困难，请告诉我!