Java - 如何编码非拉丁字符的 URL 路径

Question

目前有final URL url = new URL(urlString);但我遇到了不支持路径中非 ASCII 的服务器。

使用 Java (Android) 我需要对 URL 进行编码

http://acmeserver.com/download/agc/fcms/儿子去哪儿/儿子去哪儿.png

到

http://acmeserver.com/download/agc/fcms/%E5%84%BF%E5%AD%90%E5%8E%BB%E5%93%AA%E5%84%BF/%E5%84%BF%E5%AD%90%E5%8E%BB%E5%93%AA%E5%84%BF.png

就像浏览器一样。

我检查了URLEncoder.encode(s, "UTF-8");但它也编码 /斜线

http%3A%2F%2acmeserver.com%2Fdownload%2Fagc%2Ffcms%2F%E5%84%BF%E5%AD%90%E5%8E%BB%E5%93%AA%E5%84%BF%2F%E5%84%BF%E5%AD%90%E5%8E%BB%E5%93%AA%E5%84%BF.png

有没有办法在不解析方法获取的字符串的情况下简单地做到这一点？

来自 http://www.w3.org/TR/html40/appendix/notes.html#non-ascii-chars

B.2.1 Non-ASCII characters in URI attribute values Although URIs do not contain non-ASCII values (see [URI], section 2.1) authors sometimes specify them in attribute values expecting URIs (i.e., defined with %URI; in the DTD). For instance, the following href value is illegal:

<A href="http://foo.org/Håkon">...</A>

We recommend that user agents adopt the following convention for handling non-ASCII characters in such cases:

1. Represent each character in UTF-8 (see [RFC2279]) as one or more bytes.
2. Escape these bytes with the URI escaping mechanism (i.e., by converting each byte to %HH, where HH is the hexadecimal notation of the byte value).

Answer 1

您应该只对特殊字符进行编码并将它们一起解析。如果您尝试对整个 URI 进行编码，则会遇到问题。

坚持:

String query = URLEncoder.encode("apples oranges", "utf-8");
String url = "http://stackoverflow.com/search?q=" + query;

看看这个 great guide关于 URL 编码。

话虽如此，稍作搜索表明可能还有其他方法可以完成您想要的操作:

试一试:

String urlStr = "http://abc.dev.domain.com/0007AC/ads/800x480 15sec h.264.mp4";
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
URI uri = new URI(url.getProtocol(), url.getUserInfo(), url.getHost(), url.getPort(), url.getPath(), url.getQuery(), url.getRef());
url = uri.toURL();

(您需要对这些空格进行编码，以便将其用于请求。)

This takes advantage of a couple features available to you in Android classes. First, the URL class can break a url into its proper components so there is no need for you to do any string search/replace work. Secondly, this approach takes advantage of the URI class feature of properly escaping components when you construct a URI via components rather than from a single string.

The beauty of this approach is that you can take any valid url string and have it work without needing any special knowledge of it yourself.