我正在编写一个 c++ 程序,它执行和输出(实时)一个 shell 脚本、makefile 或只是另一个程序。但是,当有错误或没有错误时,我希望我的程序以不同的方式返回。
#include "execxi.h"
using namespace std;
int execXI::run(string command)
{
FILE *in;
char buff[512];
// is this the check for command execution exited with not 0?
if(!(in = popen(command.c_str(), "r"))){
// I want to return the exit code and error message too if any
return 1;
}
// this part echoes the output of the command that's executed
while(fgets(buff, sizeof(buff), in)!=NULL){
cout << buff;
}
pclose(in);
return 0;
}
是我目前所拥有的。
假设这个脚本运行 make
来构建一个程序,它给出了这样的错误
on_target_webkit_version out/Release/obj/gen/webkit_version.h
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "../build/webkit_version.py", line 107, in <module>
sys.exit(main())
File "../build/webkit_version.py", line 103, in main
return EmitVersionHeader(*sys.argv[1:])
File "../build/webkit_version.py", line 86, in EmitVersionHeader
webkit_revision = GetWebKitRevision(webkit_dir, version_file)
File "../build/webkit_version.py", line 60, in GetWebKitRevision
version_info = lastchange.FetchVersionInfo(
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'FetchVersionInfo'
make: *** [out/Release/obj/gen/webkit_version.h] Error 1
我有可能知道这退出时出错了吗?
是否会以代码
else than 0
退出,因为这是一个错误?最后一部分是在
stderr
中输出的吗?
考虑到 make
退出时的代码不是 0
,比如说 1
,它在 stderr
中的输出是我最终无法捕获这些退出代码和错误消息吗?
如何在程序输出结果后捕获退出代码和stderr
,并在exit code
/stderr
中返回功能?
最佳答案
如果您对错误代码感兴趣,这是一种更便携的获取方式,而不是除以 256:
printf("Exit code: %i\n", WEXITSTATUS(pclose(fp)));
但是,popen
是一种方法,因此您要么通过 shell 中通常的重定向样式创建进一步的解决方法,要么按照此未经测试的代码正确执行:
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
/* since pipes are unidirectional, we need two pipes.
one for data to flow from parent's stdout to child's
stdin and the other for child's stdout to flow to
parent's stdin */
#define NUM_PIPES 2
#define PARENT_WRITE_PIPE 0
#define PARENT_READ_PIPE 1
int pipes[NUM_PIPES][2];
/* always in a pipe[], pipe[0] is for read and
pipe[1] is for write */
#define READ_FD 0
#define WRITE_FD 1
#define PARENT_READ_FD ( pipes[PARENT_READ_PIPE][READ_FD] )
#define PARENT_WRITE_FD ( pipes[PARENT_WRITE_PIPE][WRITE_FD] )
#define CHILD_READ_FD ( pipes[PARENT_WRITE_PIPE][READ_FD] )
#define CHILD_WRITE_FD ( pipes[PARENT_READ_PIPE][WRITE_FD] )
void
main()
{
int outfd[2];
int infd[2];
// pipes for parent to write and read
pipe(pipes[PARENT_READ_PIPE]);
pipe(pipes[PARENT_WRITE_PIPE]);
if(!fork()) {
char *argv[]={ "/usr/bin/bc", "-q", 0};
dup2(CHILD_READ_FD, STDIN_FILENO);
dup2(CHILD_WRITE_FD, STDOUT_FILENO);
/* Close fds not required by child. Also, we don't
want the exec'ed program to know these existed */
close(CHILD_READ_FD);
close(CHILD_WRITE_FD);
close(PARENT_READ_FD);
close(PARENT_WRITE_FD);
execv(argv[0], argv);
} else {
char buffer[100];
int count;
/* close fds not required by parent */
close(CHILD_READ_FD);
close(CHILD_WRITE_FD);
// Write to child’s stdin
write(PARENT_WRITE_FD, "2^32\n", 5);
// Read from child’s stdout
count = read(PARENT_READ_FD, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
if (count >= 0) {
buffer[count] = 0;
printf("%s", buffer);
} else {
printf("IO Error\n");
}
}
}
代码来自这里:
http://jineshkj.wordpress.com/2006/12/22/how-to-capture-stdin-stdout-and-stderr-of-child-program/
关于c++ - 如何捕获在 C++ 中运行的命令的 exit_code 和 stderr?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15058876/