ruby - Ruby 和类似类型语言中的数组是向量吗？

Question

R 将 csv 数字列表(逗号分隔值，即 1, 2, 3)包装在 c() 函数中，该函数是 R 核心库的一部分，它将 csv 数字列表转换为向量。

这些向量看起来像 Ruby 或 Java 数组，不同之处在于这些 csv 列表包含在 c() 中，而不是 [] 中。看起来数组实际上是向量的子集。这是真的吗？如果是这样，这对于数组和矩阵意味着什么？

我发现关于该主题的一个讨论指出数组是静态向量。但在 Ruby 中，数组不是静态的。在 Ruby 中，数组是向量？

Answer 1

是的，在 R 中，数组只是一个带有给出数组维度的属性的向量。

来自？数组:

Details:

An array in R can have one, two or more dimensions. It is simply a vector which is stored with additional attributes giving the dimensions (attribute ‘"dim"’) and optionally names for those dimensions (attribute ‘"dimnames"’).

A two-dimensional array is the same thing as a ‘matrix’.

One-dimensional arrays often look like vectors, but may be handled differently by some functions: ‘str’ does distinguish them in recent versions of R.

The ‘"dim"’ attribute is an integer vector of length one or more containing non-negative values: the product of the values must match the length of the array.

也许您自己了解这一点的最简单方法是查看向量、矩阵和高维数组，如下所示:

a <- array(1:12, dim=c(2,2,3))
m <- matrix(1:4, ncol=2)
v <- c(1,2)

is(a)
# [1] "array"     "matrix"    "structure" "vector"    "vector"  
is(m)
# [1] "matrix"    "array"     "structure" "vector"
is(v)
# [1] "numeric" "vector" 

attributes(a)
# $dim
# [1] 2 2 3
attributes(m)
# $dim
# [1] 2 2
attributes(v)
# NULL

## Finally, try this
v <- 1:12
dim(v) <- c(2,2,3)
v