我是 Ruby on Rails 新手(完全是编程新手)，这是我关于堆栈溢出的第一篇文章。我想提前感谢大家，因为我从以前的帖子中学到了很多东西。
我完成了 Micheal Hartl Ruby on Rails 教程，但无法让它在 Heroku 上成功启动，尽管它在本地运行得很好。
我做了以下事情:
git push
git push heroku master
heroku pg:reset DATABASE
heroku run rake db:migrate
heroku run rake db:populate
(我也在没有 heroku restart 的情况下完成了此操作，结果相同)
当我执行命令时出现问题:heroku run rake db:populate
这是我的 Heroku 日志
2013-04-23T18:27:42.388610+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R12 (Exit timeout) -> At least one process failed to exit within 10 seconds of SIGTERM
2013-04-23T18:27:42.388610+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping remaining processes with SIGKILL
2013-04-23T18:27:44.355310+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 137
2013-04-23T18:27:50.065370+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by SessionsController#new as HTML
2013-04-23T18:27:50.062379+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/signin" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:27:50 +0000
2013-04-23T18:27:50.091947+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered sessions/new.html.erb within layouts/application (24.8ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:50.093017+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:50.095496+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (2.2ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:50.096137+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 31ms (Views: 29.2ms | ActiveRecord: 1.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:50.095966+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:50.102068+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/signin host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=48ms status=200 bytes=2144
2013-04-23T18:27:52.271911+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/help" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:27:52 +0000
2013-04-23T18:27:52.275101+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by StaticPagesController#help as HTML
2013-04-23T18:27:52.276587+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered static_pages/help.html.erb within layouts/application (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:52.277601+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:52.281995+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (4.1ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:52.283227+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.8ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:52.284385+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 9ms (Views: 7.2ms | ActiveRecord: 1.4ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:52.291644+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/help host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=21ms status=200 bytes=1639
2013-04-23T18:27:53.244364+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/ host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=18ms status=304 bytes=0
2013-04-23T18:27:53.227078+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:27:53 +0000
2013-04-23T18:27:53.230685+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by StaticPagesController#home as HTML
2013-04-23T18:27:53.233227+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered static_pages/home.html.erb within layouts/application (0.6ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:53.234925+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (0.8ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:53.234029+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:53.235301+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:53.235416+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 5ms (Views: 3.2ms | ActiveRecord: 1.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:54.503953+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/signin" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:27:54 +0000
2013-04-23T18:27:54.506797+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by SessionsController#new as HTML
2013-04-23T18:27:54.509530+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:54.508584+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered sessions/new.html.erb within layouts/application (1.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:54.511848+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (2.1ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:54.512476+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:54.512701+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 6ms (Views: 4.7ms | ActiveRecord: 1.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:27:54.522049+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/signin host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=16ms status=304 bytes=0
2013-04-23T18:28:02.210398+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:28:02 +0000
2013-04-23T18:28:02.212290+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by StaticPagesController#home as HTML
2013-04-23T18:28:02.214616+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered static_pages/home.html.erb within layouts/application (0.6ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:02.215472+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:02.216369+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (0.8ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:02.216867+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 5ms (Views: 3.2ms | ActiveRecord: 0.9ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:02.216742+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:02.224795+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/ host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=15ms status=304 bytes=0
2013-04-23T18:28:03.312964+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/signup" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:28:03 +0000
2013-04-23T18:28:03.320889+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by UsersController#new as HTML
2013-04-23T18:28:03.330931+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered shared/_error_messages.html.erb (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:03.332690+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered users/new.html.erb within layouts/application (4.5ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:03.333486+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:03.335702+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (2.1ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:03.336140+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.3ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:03.336258+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 15ms (Views: 8.2ms | ActiveRecord: 1.0ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:03.343166+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/signup host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=31ms status=200 bytes=2403
2013-04-23T18:28:23.175897+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by UsersController#create as HTML
2013-04-23T18:28:23.172784+00:00 app[web.1]: Started POST "/users" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:28:23 +0000
2013-04-23T18:28:23.175897+00:00 app[web.1]: Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"rdA4wrQvQhEhejI6uTXYg2YZpa5sl7gkYeabVJZQmFA=", "user"=>{"name"=>"Dana Bouchard", "email"=>"<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="0763656872646f66756336343f47606a666e6b2964686a" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "password_confirmation"=>"[FILTERED]"}, "commit"=>"Create my account"}
2013-04-23T18:28:23.429861+00:00 app[web.1]: Redirected to https://polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com/users/1
2013-04-23T18:28:23.433167+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 302 Found in 256ms (ActiveRecord: 21.6ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:23.449918+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path=/users host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=3ms service=315ms status=302 bytes=115
2013-04-23T18:28:23.497155+00:00 app[web.1]: Parameters: {"id"=>"1"}
2013-04-23T18:28:23.490244+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/users/1" for 75.68.91.34 at 2013-04-23 18:28:23 +0000
2013-04-23T18:28:23.496980+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by UsersController#show as HTML
2013-04-23T18:28:23.722402+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered shared/_stats.html.erb (54.1ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:23.787319+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered users/show.html.erb within layouts/application (120.1ms)
2013-04-23T18:28:23.787319+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 290ms
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: ActionView::Template::Error (PGError: ERROR: relation "microposts" does not exist
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: LINE 5: WHERE a.attrelid = '"microposts"'::regclass
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: ^
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: : SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid, a.atttypmod
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: FROM pg_attribute a LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]:
WHERE a.attrelid = '"microposts"'::regclass
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: ):
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: ORDER BY a.attnum
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 15: <%= render 'follow_form' if signed_in? %>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 13: </aside>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 14: <div class="span8">
2013-04-23T18:28:23.800620+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/users/1 host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=313ms status=500 bytes=643
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 16: <% if @user.microposts.any? %>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 17: <h3>Microposts (<%= @user.microposts.count %>)</h3>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 18: <ol class="microposts">
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 19: <%= render @microposts %>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: app/views/users/show.html.erb:16:in `_app_views_users_show_html_erb__4534392174835113617_69860797342160'
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789517+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789517+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-04-23T18:28:38.118917+00:00 heroku[api]: Starting process with command `bundle exec rake db:populate` by <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="c5a1a7aab0a6ada4b7a1f4f6fd85a2a8a4aca9eba6aaa8" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>
2013-04-23T18:28:40.122057+00:00 heroku[run.9072]: Awaiting client
2013-04-23T18:28:40.141935+00:00 heroku[run.9072]: Starting process with command `bundle exec rake db:populate`
2013-04-23T18:28:41.013463+00:00 heroku[run.9072]: State changed from starting to up
2013-04-23T18:29:06.377140+00:00 heroku[run.9072]: Process exited with status 1
2013-04-23T18:29:06.395386+00:00 heroku[run.9072]: State changed from up to complete
2013-04-23T19:31:08.418618+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling
2013-04-23T19:31:11.275801+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
2013-04-23T19:31:12.010696+00:00 app[web.1]: /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:90:in `select'
2013-04-23T19:31:12.010696+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-04-23 19:31:12] ERROR SignalException: SIGTERM
2013-04-23T19:31:22.107373+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R12 (Exit timeout) -> At least one process failed to exit within 10 seconds of SIGTERM
2013-04-23T19:31:22.107928+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping remaining processes with SIGKILL
2013-04-23T19:31:23.892161+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down
2013-04-23T19:31:23.878809+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 137
这可能很容易解决，我认为以下是罪魁祸首，但我不知道为什么或如何找到问题。
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: ActionView::Template::Error (PGError: ERROR: relation "microposts" does not exist
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: LINE 5: WHERE a.attrelid = '"microposts"'::regclass
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: ^
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: : SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid, a.atttypmod
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: FROM pg_attribute a LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]:
WHERE a.attrelid = '"microposts"'::regclass
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: ):
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: ORDER BY a.attnum
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 15: <%= render 'follow_form' if signed_in? %>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789034+00:00 app[web.1]: AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 13: </aside>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 14: <div class="span8">
2013-04-23T18:28:23.800620+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/users/1 host=polar-wildwood-1990.herokuapp.com fwd="75.68.91.34" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=313ms status=500 bytes=643
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 16: <% if @user.microposts.any? %>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 17: <h3>Microposts (<%= @user.microposts.count %>)</h3>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 18: <ol class="microposts">
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: 19: <%= render @microposts %>
2013-04-23T18:28:23.789293+00:00 app[web.1]: app/views/users/show.html.erb:16:in `_app_views_users_show_html_erb__4534392174835113617_69860797342160'
请帮忙，如果您需要更多信息，请告诉我。 预先感谢您。
最佳答案
在我看来，您没有将架构加载到heroku 数据库中。部署后，执行此操作时会发生什么:
heroku run rake db:schema:load
请注意，有时如果您要加载具有已建立架构的新应用程序，则运行所有迁移并不是使数据库达到您想要的状态的最佳方法 - 您应该使用 rake db:schema:load反而。让我知道这是否使您的数据库正确。
运行后你可以使用heroku run console然后执行类似 User.all 的控制台命令确保它知道 users表存在等。
加载架构或运行 db:migrate 后，不要忘记重新启动服务器。 。对于 Heroku 来说是: heroku restart
关于ruby-on-rails - Hartl 的 Rails 教程完成的作品局部完美。 Heroku 始终显示 "We'，抱歉，但出了点问题。”，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16178416/