我正在尝试处理一个 JSON 文件:
{
"features": {
"additional-options": true
},
"values": {
"lo-value": 34,
"hi-value": 554
},
"persons": [
{
"name": "john",
"member": true,
"current": false,
"sponsor": "pete",
"profile": "",
"credits": ["04"],
"linked": ["philip","guy"],
"maptools": ["crossfit","soccer","running"]
},
{
"name": "mary",
"member": true,
"current": false,
"sponsor": "judy",
"profile": "",
"credits": ["all"],
"activities": ["swimming","cycling","running"]
}
],
"data_map": [1122,3234]
}
我希望能够:
- 更新键值对的值
- 同时删除键/值
- 删除或插入一个数组值
为了做到这一点,我尝试了很多方法。
我的简化代码思路是:
require 'json'
hash = JSON.parse(File.read('test.json'))
# Add key & value or change existing one
def change_key(hash, key, value)
keys = key.strip(".")
hash[*keys] = value
end
def add_to_array(hash, key, val)
keys = key.strip(".")
hash[*keys] = locate_arr(hash, key).insert(val)
end
# Delete a key and it's value
def del_key(hash, key)
keys = key.strip(".")
hash[*keys].delete[-1]
end
def del_from_array(hash, key, val)
keys = key.strip(".")
hash[*keys] = locate_arr(hash, key).delete[-1]
end
f = File.write('test.json') ; f.puts JSON.pretty_generate(hash)
change_key(hash, "features.additional-options", false)
del_from_array(hash, "persons.name=mary.activities", "cycling")
add_to_array(hash, "persons.name=mary.activities", "hockey")
del_key(hash, "data_map")
del_key(hash, persons.name=john.profile)
del_key(hash, persons.name=mary.credits)
生成的 JSON 应该是:
{
"features": {
"additional-options": false
},
"values": {
"lo-value": 34,
"hi-value": 554
},
"persons": [
{
"name": "john",
"member": true,
"current": false,
"sponsor": "pete",
"credits": ["04"],
"linked": ["philip","guy"],
"maptools": ["crossfit","soccer","running"]
},
{
"name": "mary",
"member": true,
"current": false,
"sponsor": "judy",
"profile": "",
"activities": ["swimming", "running","hockey"]
}
]
}
我不确定如何使用这样结构的 JSON。
最佳答案
我知道你的 JSON 可能是这样的:
"{\"features\":{\"additional-options\":true},\"values\":{\"lo-value\":34,\"hi-value\":554},\"persons\":[{\"name\":\"john\",\"member\":true,\"current\":false,\"sponsor\":\"pete\",\"profile\":\"\",\"credits\":[\"04\"],\"linked\":[\"philip\",\"guy\"],\"maptools\":[\"crossfit\",\"soccer\",\"running\"]},{\"name\":\"mary\",\"member\":true,\"current\":false,\"sponsor\":\"judy\",\"profile\":\"\",\"credits\":[\"all\"],\"activities\":[\"swimming\",\"cycling\",\"running\"]}],\"data_map\":[1122,3234]}"
我建议使用 OpenStruct组织您的数据:
your_struct_name = JSON.parse(yourJson, object_class: OpenStruct)
然后你就会得到你想要的一切。对于您展示的操作:
#change_key(hash, "features.additional-options", false)
your_struct_name.features['additional-options'] = false
#this one above you set in this hash-like manner because of the '-' in the middle of the key. Otherwise you could just do your_struct_name.features.additional_options = false
#del_from_array(hash, "persons.name=mary.activities", "cycling")
your_struct_name.persons.last.activities.delete('swimming')
# or selecting by name:
your_struct_name.persons.select {|person| person.name == 'mary' }.first.activities.delete('swimming')
#add_to_array(hash, "persons.name=mary.activities", "hockey")
your_struct_name.persons.last.activities << 'hockey'
#del_key(hash, "data_map")
your_struct_name.delete_field('data_map')
#del_key(hash, persons.name=john.profile)
...
#del_key(hash, persons.name=mary.credits)
...
然后,在您进行更改后,您可以使用:
your_struct_name.to_h.to_json
您还可以使用方法 as_json
来获得与您在问题中展示的结构非常相似的结构:
your_struct_name.as_json
OpenStruct
非常适合处理具有不断变化的结构 的数据。如果你有可以“建模”的数据,有一个你可以调用的名字,有一些你可以预测的属性,甚至你将用于这些数据的方法,我建议你创建一个类来描述这个数据,它的属性和属性(它甚至可以继承自 OpenStruct)。然后在这个类域内工作,创建一个抽象层。这样你的代码就会变得更加健壮和可读。不要忘记创建自动测试!它可以为您节省大量时间。
组织和抽象数据的方式,特别是命名实体的方式对代码质量有很大影响。
如需进一步阅读,请参阅:Object和 ActiveData .
关于ruby - 如何将 JSON 转换为散列、搜索和更改值,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32228126/