ruby-on-rails - 为什么 Nokogiri 会给我多个结果？

Question

我正在尝试使用 Nokogiri 解析 HTML 字符串，但我遇到了一些递归问题，我无法弄清楚原因。

给定这些命令:

string = <h3>Lancers were arranged.&nbsp;</h3>
         <div>Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.</div>
         <br>She leaned. He lit a <b>candle</b>.
         They followed him in silence, their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.<br>

body = Nokogiri::HTML(string)
result = []
body.traverse { |node| result << node }

我希望得到上述元素的数组。相反，我得到了这个:

[#<Nokogiri::XML::DTD:0x3fde1f3d5274 name="html">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56f7c name="body" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea575e4 name="html" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56f7c name="body" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">]>]>
#<Nokogiri::HTML::Document:0x3fde1f3d6084 name="document" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::DTD:0x3fde1f3d5274 name="html">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea575e4 name="html" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56f7c name="body" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">]>]>]>] 

抱歉篇幅过长。谁能帮我弄清楚为什么会这样？和/或如何预防？

Answer 1

发生这种情况是因为 traverse 递归地调用提供的 block 自身及其所有子 block 。因此它将 html 字符串的每个节点添加到 result 数组，而不仅仅是顶级节点。您看到的“多个结果”是 inspect 为 Nokogiri 节点定义的结果。例如，返回数组中的第三个元素表示 h3 节点，但也打印其所有子节点，其中包括作为数组第二个元素的 text 节点。

如果您希望 result 包含对文档中每个节点的引用，那么这是执行此操作的正确方法。如果您只想使用顶级节点，请使用 children