config/initializers/devise.rb=>
# Use this hook to configure devise mailer, warden hooks and so forth. The first
# four configuration values can also be set straight in your models.
Devise.setup do |config|
# ==> Mailer Configuration
# Configure the e-mail address which will be shown in Devise::Mailer,
# note that it will be overwritten if you use your own mailer class with default "from" parameter.
config.mailer_sender = "abc@gmail.com"
# Configure the class responsible to send e-mails.
config.mailer = "Devise::Mailer"
# ==> ORM configuration
# Load and configure the ORM. Supports :active_record (default) and
# :mongoid (bson_ext recommended) by default. Other ORMs may be
# available as additional gems.
require 'devise/orm/active_record'
# ==> Configuration for any authentication mechanism
# Configure which keys are used when authenticating a user. The default is
# just :email. You can configure it to use [:username, :subdomain], so for
# authenticating a user, both parameters are required. Remember that those
# parameters are used only when authenticating and not when retrieving from
# session. If you need permissions, you should implement that in a before filter.
# You can also supply a hash where the value is a boolean determining whether
# or not authentication should be aborted when the value is not present.
# config.authentication_keys = [ :email ]
# Configure parameters from the request object used for authentication. Each entry
# given should be a request method and it will automatically be passed to the
# find_for_authentication method and considered in your model lookup. For instance,
# if you set :request_keys to [:subdomain], :subdomain will be used on authentication.
# The same considerations mentioned for authentication_keys also apply to request_keys.
# config.request_keys = []
# Configure which authentication keys should be case-insensitive.
# These keys will be downcased upon creating or modifying a user and when used
# to authenticate or find a user. Default is :email.
config.case_insensitive_keys = [ :email ]
# Configure which authentication keys should have whitespace stripped.
# These keys will have whitespace before and after removed upon creating or
# modifying a user and when used to authenticate or find a user. Default is :email.
config.strip_whitespace_keys = [ :email ]
# Tell if authentication through request.params is enabled. True by default.
# config.params_authenticatable = true
# Tell if authentication through HTTP Basic Auth is enabled. False by default.
# config.http_authenticatable = false
# If http headers should be returned for AJAX requests. True by default.
# config.http_authenticatable_on_xhr = true
# The realm used in Http Basic Authentication. "Application" by default.
# config.http_authentication_realm = "Application"
# It will change confirmation, password recovery and other workflows
# to behave the same regardless if the e-mail provided was right or wrong.
# Does not affect registerable.
# config.paranoid = true
# ==> Configuration for :database_authenticatable
# For bcrypt, this is the cost for hashing the password and defaults to 10. If
# using other encryptors, it sets how many times you want the password re-encrypted.
#
# Limiting the stretches to just one in testing will increase the performance of
# your test suite dramatically. However, it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to not use
# a value less than 10 in other environments.
config.stretches = Rails.env.test? ? 1 : 10
# Setup a pepper to generate the encrypted password.
# config.pepper = "b1179d3eccc2985aa7e9e438d8866464943f84449e53014c19852e795fdc4c17ca0b779e843ea8826589c213aff8c91c16c4a937685a183b622899e0dbf120a6"
# ==> Configuration for :confirmable
# A period that the user is allowed to access the website even without
# confirming his account. For instance, if set to 2.days, the user will be
# able to access the website for two days without confirming his account,
# access will be blocked just in the third day. Default is 0.days, meaning
# the user cannot access the website without confirming his account.
# config.confirm_within = 2.days
# Defines which key will be used when confirming an account
# config.confirmation_keys = [ :email ]
# ==> Configuration for :rememberable
# The time the user will be remembered without asking for credentials again.
# config.remember_for = 2.weeks
# If true, a valid remember token can be re-used between multiple browsers.
# config.remember_across_browsers = true
# If true, extends the user's remember period when remembered via cookie.
# config.extend_remember_period = false
# If true, uses the password salt as remember token. This should be turned
# to false if you are not using database authenticatable.
config.use_salt_as_remember_token = true
# Options to be passed to the created cookie. For instance, you can set
# :secure => true in order to force SSL only cookies.
# config.cookie_options = {}
# ==> Configuration for :validatable
# Range for password length. Default is 6..128.
# config.password_length = 6..128
# Email regex used to validate email formats. It simply asserts that
# an one (and only one) @ exists in the given string. This is mainly
# to give user feedback and not to assert the e-mail validity.
# config.email_regexp = /\A[^@]+@[^@]+\z/
# ==> Configuration for :timeoutable
# The time you want to timeout the user session without activity. After this
# time the user will be asked for credentials again. Default is 30 minutes.
# config.timeout_in = 30.minutes
# ==> Configuration for :lockable
# Defines which strategy will be used to lock an account.
# :failed_attempts = Locks an account after a number of failed attempts to sign in.
# :none = No lock strategy. You should handle locking by yourself.
# config.lock_strategy = :failed_attempts
# Defines which key will be used when locking and unlocking an account
# config.unlock_keys = [ :email ]
# Defines which strategy will be used to unlock an account.
# :email = Sends an unlock link to the user email
# :time = Re-enables login after a certain amount of time (see :unlock_in below)
# :both = Enables both strategies
# :none = No unlock strategy. You should handle unlocking by yourself.
# config.unlock_strategy = :both
# Number of authentication tries before locking an account if lock_strategy
# is failed attempts.
# config.maximum_attempts = 20
# Time interval to unlock the account if :time is enabled as unlock_strategy.
# config.unlock_in = 1.hour
# ==> Configuration for :recoverable
#
# Defines which key will be used when recovering the password for an account
# config.reset_password_keys = [ :email ]
# Time interval you can reset your password with a reset password key.
# Don't put a too small interval or your users won't have the time to
# change their passwords.
config.reset_password_within = 2.hours
# ==> Configuration for :encryptable
# Allow you to use another encryption algorithm besides bcrypt (default). You can use
# :sha1, :sha512 or encryptors from others authentication tools as :clearance_sha1,
# :authlogic_sha512 (then you should set stretches above to 20 for default behavior)
# and :restful_authentication_sha1 (then you should set stretches to 10, and copy
# REST_AUTH_SITE_KEY to pepper)
# config.encryptor = :sha512
# ==> Configuration for :token_authenticatable
# Defines name of the authentication token params key
# config.token_authentication_key = :auth_token
# If true, authentication through token does not store user in session and needs
# to be supplied on each request. Useful if you are using the token as API token.
# config.stateless_token = false
# ==> Scopes configuration
# Turn scoped views on. Before rendering "sessions/new", it will first check for
# "users/sessions/new". It's turned off by default because it's slower if you
# are using only default views.
# config.scoped_views = false
# Configure the default scope given to Warden. By default it's the first
# devise role declared in your routes (usually :user).
# config.default_scope = :user
# Configure sign_out behavior.
# Sign_out action can be scoped (i.e. /users/sign_out affects only :user scope).
# The default is true, which means any logout action will sign out all active scopes.
# config.sign_out_all_scopes = true
# ==> Navigation configuration
# Lists the formats that should be treated as navigational. Formats like
# :html, should redirect to the sign in page when the user does not have
# access, but formats like :xml or :json, should return 401.
#
# If you have any extra navigational formats, like :iphone or :mobile, you
# should add them to the navigational formats lists.
#
# The :"*/*" and "*/*" formats below is required to match Internet
# Explorer requests.
# config.navigational_formats = [:"*/*", "*/*", :html]
# The default HTTP method used to sign out a resource. Default is :delete.
config.sign_out_via = :delete
# ==> OmniAuth
# Add a new OmniAuth provider. Check the wiki for more information on setting
# up on your models and hooks.
# config.omniauth :github, 'APP_ID', 'APP_SECRET', :scope => 'user,public_repo'
# ==> Warden configuration
# If you want to use other strategies, that are not supported by Devise, or
# change the failure app, you can configure them inside the config.warden block.
#
# config.warden do |manager|
# manager.failure_app = AnotherApp
# manager.intercept_401 = false
# manager.default_strategies(:scope => :user).unshift :some_external_strategy
# end
config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp
config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = {
:tls => true,
:enable_starttls_auto => true,
:address => "smtp.gmail.com",
:port => "587",
:domain => "gmail.com",
:authentication => :plain,
:user_name => "abc@gmail.com",
:password => "abc"
}
end
如果我删除这些=>
config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp
config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = {
:tls => true,
:enable_starttls_auto => true,
:address => "smtp.gmail.com",
:port => "587",
:domain => "gmail.com",
:authentication => :plain,
:user_name => "abc@gmail.com",
:password => "abc"
}
那就没问题了。
否则如果我执行 rails s 我会得到错误=>
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 3.1.1 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/home/user1/rorblog/config/initializers/devise.rb:211:in `block in <top (required)>': undefined method `action_mailer' for Devise:Module (NoMethodError)
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/devise-1.4.8/lib/devise.rb:250:in `setup'
from /home/user1/rorblog/config/initializers/devise.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:234:in `load'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:234:in `block in load'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:223:in `block in load_dependency'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:640:in `new_constants_in'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:223:in `load_dependency'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:234:in `load'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:556:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:555:in `each'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:555:in `block in <class:Engine>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `each'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/application.rb:96:in `initialize!'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/railtie/configurable.rb:30:in `method_missing'
from /home/user1/rorblog/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `require'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `block in require'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:223:in `block in load_dependency'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:640:in `new_constants_in'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:223:in `load_dependency'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/activesupport-3.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `require'
from /home/user1/rorblog/config.ru:4:in `block in <main>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/builder.rb:51:in `instance_eval'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/builder.rb:51:in `initialize'
from /home/user1/rorblog/config.ru:1:in `new'
from /home/user1/rorblog/config.ru:1:in `<main>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `eval'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/server.rb:200:in `app'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:46:in `app'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/server.rb:301:in `wrapped_app'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/rack-1.3.3/lib/rack/server.rb:252:in `start'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:70:in `start'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:54:in `block in <top (required)>'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:49:in `tap'
from /home/user1/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/railties-3.1.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:49:in `<top (required)>'
from script/rails:6:in `require'
from script/rails:6:in `<main>'
最佳答案
config.action_mailer 行应该放在您希望使用该配置的环境的 Rails 配置文件中。因此对于开发使用:app/config/environments/development.rb 和生产:app/config/environments/production.rb
关于ruby-on-rails - rails s 在设计配置发送邮件时出错，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7722191/