html - 使用 goquery 从网站检索文本

Question

我有一个大致如下所示的 html:

<h4>Movies</h4>
    <h5><a href="external_link" target="_blank"> A Song For Jenny</a> (2015)</h5>
    Rating: PG<br/>
    Running Time (minutes): 77<br/>
    Description: This Drama, based on real life events, tells the story of a family affected directly by the 7/7 London bombings.  It shows love, loss, heartache and  ...<br/>
    <a href="/bmm/shop/Movie_Detail?movieid=2713288">More about  A Song For Jenny</a><br/>
        <a href="/bmm/shop/Edit_Movie?movieid=2713288">Edit  A Song For Jenny</a><br/>
    <br/>
    <h5><a href="link" target="_blank">#RealityHigh</a> (2017)</h5>
    Rating: PG<br/>
    Running Time (minutes): 99<br/>
    Description: High-achieving high-school senior Dani Barnes dreams of getting into UC Davis, the world's top  veterinary school. Then a glamorous new friend draws  ...<br/>
    <a href="/bmm/shop/Movie_Detail?movieid=4089906">More about #RealityHigh</a><br/>
        <a href="/bmm/shop/Edit_Movie?movieid=4089906">Edit #RealityHigh</a><br/>
    <br/>
    <h5><a href="link" target="_blank">1 Night</a> (2016)</h5>
    Rating: PG<br/>
    Running Time (minutes): 80<br/>
    Description: Bea, a worrisome teenager, reconnects with her introverted childhood friend, Andy. The two  overcome their differences in social status one night aft ...<br/>
    <a href="/bmm/shop/Movie_Detail?movieid=3959071">More about 1 Night</a><br/>
        <a href="/bmm/shop/Edit_Movie?movieid=3959071">Edit 1 Night</a><br/>
    <br/>
    <h5><a href="link" target="_blank">10 Cloverfield Lane</a> (2016)</h5>
    Rating: PG<br/>
    Running Time (minutes): 104<br/>
    Description: Soon after leaving her fiancé Michelle is involved in a car accident. She awakens
to find herself sharing an underground bunker with Howard and Emme ...<br/>
    <a href="/bmm/shop/Movie_Detail?movieid=3052189">More about 10 Cloverfield Lane</a><br/>
        <a href="/bmm/shop/Edit_Movie?movieid=3052189">Edit 10 Cloverfield Lane</a><br/>
    <br/>

我需要使用 goquery 从该页面获取尽可能多的信息。我知道如何提取此片段中由“链接”一词替换的外部链接，我知道如何获取包含更多详细信息的链接，但我也想提取仅包含在文本中的信息，即年份(在标题中) 、运行时间、缩短的描述和 PG 等级。 我无法弄清楚如何在 goquery 中执行此操作，因为此文本未被任何 div 或其他标签包围。我试着寻找 h5 标签，然后在它们上调用 .Next() 但我只能找到 <br>标签，而不是中间的文本。我怎样才能做到这一点？如果有比使用 goquery 更好的方法，我对此表示满意。 我的代码如下所示。

// Retrieve the page count:
    res, err = http.Get("myUrlAddress")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        os.Exit(-1)
    }
    doc, err = goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(res)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        os.Exit(-1)
    }
    links := doc.Find(`a[href*="pageIndex"]`)
    fmt.Println(links.Length()) // Output page count
s := doc.Find("h5").First().Next() // I expect it to be the text after the heading.
fmt.Println(s.Text()) // But it's empty and if I check the node type it says br

Answer 1

我有点不喜欢使用正则表达式来解析 html 的想法。我觉得它对于标签顺序或类似的微小变化来说太脆弱了。

我认为最好还是回到 html.Node(golang.org/x/net/html)，goquery 是基于它的。这个想法是迭代 sibling 直到它用完，或者遇到下一个 h5。处理链接或任何其他元素标签可能有点麻烦，因为 html.Node 提供了一个相当不友好的关于属性的 api，但是从它切换回 goquery 更麻烦。

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
    "golang.org/x/net/html"
    "golang.org/x/net/html/atom"
    "os"
    "strings"
)

type Movie struct {
}

func (m Movie) addTitle(s string) {
    fmt.Println("Title", s)
}

func (m Movie) addProperty(s string) {
    if s == "" {
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("Property", s)
}

var M []*Movie

func parseMovie(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
    m := &Movie{}
    m.addTitle(s.Text())

loop:
    for node := s.Nodes[0].NextSibling; node != nil; node = node.NextSibling {
        switch node.Type {
        case html.TextNode:
            m.addProperty(strings.TrimSpace(node.Data))
        case html.ElementNode:
            switch node.DataAtom {
            case atom.A:
                //link, do something. You may want to transfer back to go query
                fmt.Println(node.Attr)
            case atom.Br:
                continue
            case atom.H5:
                break loop
            }
        }
    }

    M = append(M, m)
}

func main() {
    r, err := os.Open("movie.html")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    doc, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromReader(r)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    doc.Find("h5").Each(parseMovie)
}