xml - 如何比较 XML 文档

Question

我需要比较两个 XML block :

<elem type="p:type1" xmlns:p="myns" />

<elem type="g:type1" xmlns:g="myns" />

一旦我们看到 type 属性是 QName 而不仅仅是一个字符串，它们在语义上是等价的。一旦我提供了架构，是否有可以进行此类比较的工具？还有，有没有这样的API？

Answer 1

可能有很多工具可以执行此操作，其中之一是 Xml Diff 和 Path，来自 MS XML downloads

The Microsoft XML Diff and Patch utility can be used for comparing two XML documents and then patching the original document with the differences, to create a final document. The utility can detect structural changes (such as the move of an XML subtree) and can create an Xml Diff Language Diffgram (XDL diffgram or just diffgram) that describes the differences between the two XML documents. The diffgram can then be used to display these differences or perform a patch using the XML Patch tool.

XML Diff performs XML-based comparison of the XML documents, as opposed to a common lexical comparison. Therefore, it

Ignores the order attributes. Ignores insignificant white spaces. Does not differentiate between an empty element () and element with no content (). Does not care about the document encoding.

这些工具可通过命令行和 API 使用。