我有一个类似于以下内容的 XML 结构:
<Store>
<foo>
<book>
<isbn>123456</isbn>
</book>
<title>XYZ</title>
<checkout>no</checkout>
</foo>
<bar>
<book>
<isbn>7890</isbn>
</book>
<title>XYZ2</title>
<checkout>yes</checkout>
</bar>
</Store>
我愿意仅使用 xml.dom.minidom(限制)
1)遍历XML文件
2)根据其父元素搜索/获取特定元素
示例:作者 1 的结帐元素,作者 2 的 isbn
3)更改/设置该元素的值
4)将新的XML结构写入文件
有人可以帮忙吗?
谢谢!
更新:
这是我到现在所做的
import xml.dom.minidom
checkout = "yes"
def getLoneChild(node, tagname):
assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None))
elem = node.getElementsByTagName(tagname)
if ((elem is None) or (len(elem) != 1)):
return None
return elem
def getLoneLeaf(node, tagname):
assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None))
elem = node.getElementsByTagName(tagname)
if ((elem is None) or (len(elem) != 1)):
return None
leaf = elem[0].firstChild
if (leaf is None):
return None
return leaf.data
def setcheckout(node, tagname):
assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None))
child = getLoneChild(node, 'foo')
Check = getLoneLeaf(child[0],'checkout')
Check = tagname
return Check
doc = xml.dom.minidom.parse('test.xml')
root = doc.getElementsByTagName('Store')[0]
output = setcheckout(root, checkout)
tmp_config = '/tmp/tmp_config.xml'
fw = open(tmp_config, 'w')
fw.write(doc.toxml())
fw.close()
最佳答案
我不完全确定您所说的“结帐”是什么意思。该脚本将找到该元素并更改该元素的值。或许您可以根据您的特定需求对其进行调整。
import xml.dom.minidom as DOM
# find the author as a child of the "Store"
def getAuthor(parent, author):
# by looking at the children
for child in [child for child in parent.childNodes
if child.nodeType != DOM.Element.TEXT_NODE]:
if child.tagName == author:
return child
return None
def alterElement(parent, attribute, newValue):
found = False;
# look through the child elements, skipping Text_Nodes
#(in your example these hold the "values"
for child in [child for child in parent.childNodes
if child.nodeType != DOM.Element.TEXT_NODE]:
# if the child element tagName matches target element name
if child.tagName == attribute:
# alter the data, i.e. the Text_Node value,
# which is the firstChild of the "isbn" element
child.firstChild.data = newValue
return True
else:
# otherwise look at all the children of this node.
found = alterElement(child, attribute, newValue)
if found:
break
# return found status
return found
doc = DOM.parse("test.xml")
# This assumes that there is only one "Store" in the file
root = doc.getElementsByTagName("Store")[0]
# find the author
# this assumes that there are no duplicate author names in the file
author = getAuthor(root, "foo")
if not author:
print "Author not found!"
else:
# alter an element
if not alterElement(author, "isbn", "987654321"):
print "isbn not found"
else:
# output the xml
tmp_config = '/tmp/tmp_config.xml'
f = open(tmp_config, 'w')
doc.writexml( f )
f.close()
一般的想法是,将作者的名字与“Store”元素的子元素的标签名称进行匹配,然后递归作者的子元素,寻找与目标元素标签名称的匹配项。此解决方案中有很多假设,但它可能会让您入门。在不使用递归的情况下尝试处理像 XML 这样的层次结构是很痛苦的。
回想起来,“alterElement”函数中存在错误。我已经修复了这个(注意“找到的”变量)
关于python - 使用 xml.dom.minidom 更新元素值,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2502758/